Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 1 Insecticidal activity of Spirulina sp. and Nostoc muscorum extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda

From: Toxic effect of cyanobacterial (blue–green algae) extracts as natural pesticides for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Treatment details	Diet overlay method
	First set					Second set
	LC₅₀ values (ppm)	Slope function (± SD)	Chi-square (df: 3)	95% confidence limit		LC₅₀ values (ppm)	Slope function (± SD)	Chi-square (df: 3)	95% confidence limit
	LC₅₀ values (ppm)	Slope function (± SD)	Chi-square (df: 3)	Upper	Lower	LC₅₀ values (ppm)	Slope function (± SD)	Chi-square (df: 3)	Upper	Lower
Spirulina hexane extract	173.16	1.027 (± 0.262)	0.068	282.696	65.447	165.22	0.965 (± 0.261)	0.677	278.353	53.504
Spirulina PE ether extract	227.22	1.057 (± 0.259)	0.195	359.319	107.163	223.18	1.030 (± 0.259)	0.984	356.909	101.436
N. muscorum hexane extract	49.09	0.823 (± 0.279)	0.042	122.517	0.965	55.01	0.790 (± 0.274)	0.346	135.126	0.996
N. muscorum PE ether extract	61.37	0.753 (± 0.267)	0.197	149.243	0.977	78.73	0.850 (± 0.268)	0.012	165.614	6.029
Spirulina ethanol extract	970	1.090 (± 0.264)	0.406	0.153	0.044	890	1.070 (± 0.264)	0.642	0.142	0.036
Spirulina methanol extract	1000	0.898 (± 0.255)	0.029	0.170	0.033	960	1.050 (± 0.262)	0.260	0.153	0.040
N. muscorum ethanol extract	530	0.830 (± 0.261)	0.116	0.105	0.006	520	0.886 (± 0.265)	0.098	0.099	0.008
N. muscorum methanol extract	730	0.829 (± 0.257)	0.361	0.135	0.014	710	0.906 (± 0.260)	0.226	0.127	0.017

ppm Parts per million, SD Standard deviation, Df Degrees of freedom

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