Subfamily NEMESTRININAE
Genus NEMESTRINUS Latreille, 1802
Nemestrinus Latreille, 1802: 437. Type species: Nemestrinus reticulatus Latreille, 1802, by monotypy.
Rhynchocephalus Fischer, 1806: 220. Type species: Rhynchocephalus caucasicus Fischer, 1806, by monotypy.
Nemestrina Latreille, 1809: 307. Misspelling of Nemestrinus.
Andrenomyia Rondani, 1850: 189. 220. Type species: Nemestrina albofasciata Wiedemann, 1828 (= Rhynchomyia caucasicus Fischer), by original designation.
Heminemestrinus Bequaert, 1932: 21. Type species: Nemestrina dedecor Loew, 1873, by original designation.
Symmictoides Bequaert, 1932: 21. Type species: Nemestrina simplex Loew, 1873, by original designation.
Nemestrellus Sack, 1933: 7. Type species: Nemestrina abdominalis Olivier, 1810, by original designation.
Nemestrinus abdominalis Olivier (1810)
Nemestrina abdominalis Olivier, 1810: 94. Type locality: Egypt.
Nemestrina osiris Wiedemann, 1828: 561. Type locality: Egypt.
Distribution: AF: Ethiopia, Sudan. PA: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Tunisia. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Paramonov (1945), Richter (1988)].
Local distribution and dates of collection: Unknown. [Sources: original descriptions (Olivier (1810) and Wiedemann (1828) and Sack (1933)].
Nemestrinus aegyptiacus (Wiedemann, 1828) (Fig. 1)
Nemestrina aegyptiacus Wiedemann, 1828: 249. Type locality: Egypt.
Nemestrina tripolitana Lichtwardt, 1907: 443. Type locality: Libya (Tripoli).
Nemestrina jullieni Efflatoun, 1925: 357. Type locality: Egypt (Wadi Hoff, east of Helouan; Wadi Um-Elek, branch of Wadi Hoff; Wadi Abu-Handal).
Distribution: PA: Algeria, Egypt, Italy (Sicily), Libya, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Tunisia. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Paramonov (1945), Richter (1988)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: CS: El-Burg, Cleopatra (February to July); ED: Abu-Sueir, El-Quseir, Ismailia, Serapium, Wadi Abu-Handal, Wadi Dar El-Maskhara, Wadi Digla, Wadi Garawi, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Morrah, Wadi Rishrash, Wadi Silly, Wadi Um-Assad, Wadi Um-Elek, Wadi Zohleiga (February to October); Fayoym: locality and date unknown; LNVD: Abu-Rawash, Burgash, Cairo, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Helwan, Kafr Hakim, Kerdassa, Mansouriah (April to October); Sinai: Ein Moussa, Mitla (March to July); UNV: Assiout, Gerga (March and April); WD: Wadi El-Natroun (March). [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Efflatoun (1925), El-Hashash et al. (2021), museum material in EFC, ESEC and PPDD and collected material]. SAUDI ARABIA: Makkah Al-Mukarramah: Jeddah (date unknown); Riyadh: Uruq Bani Ma'arid (March). [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909) and collected material]
Material examined: EGYPT: 1 male, Wadi Um Mitla, 16.3.1999, sweeping net, El-Hawagry leg.; MSHC. 1 male, Helwan, 20.3.1934, Farag leg.; 1 male, Helwan, 23.4.1935, Farag leg.; 1 male, Kerdassa, 2.4.1924, R.M. leg.; 1 female, Wadi Garawi, 31.3.1930, Farag leg.; 1 female, Wadi Garawi, 25.3.1932, Farag leg.; 1 male, Wadi Hoff, 28.2.1927, Farag leg.; 1 female, Wadi Rishrash, 29.3.1935. H.C.E. & M.T. leg.; 1 female, Wadi Silly, Helwan, 19.3.1926, Farag leg.; 1 female, Wadi Um Elek, 21.3.1924, Efflatoun leg.; EFC. 1 female, Wadi Garawi, 25.III.1932, Farag leg.; EFC. SAUDI ARABIA: 1 female, Uruq Bani Ma'arid, 6.III.2021, sweeping net, Abdel-Dayem et al. leg.; KSMA.
Nemestrinus ater (Olivier, 1810) (Fig. 2)
Nemestrina ater Olivier, 1810: 94. Type locality: Egypt.
Nemestrina nigra Wiedemann, 1828: 560. Type locality: Egypt.
Distribution: PA: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Tunisia. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Paramonov (1945), Richter (1988) and present study]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: CS: Abu-Kir, Alexandria, Bacos, El-Burg, Dekheila, Mariout, Mersa Matrouh (February to October); ED: Cairo-Suez Road, Geneifa, Serapium, Suez, Wadi Garawi, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Silly (March to May); LNVD: Abu-Rawash, El-Gebel El-Asfar, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Kafr Hakim, Kerdassa, Mansouriah, Pyramids (January to October); Sinai: Wadi Abu-Gaifa (April); WD: Wadi El-Natroun (April). [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), El-Hashash et al. (2021) and museum material in EFC, ESEC and PPDD]. SAUDI ARABIA: Tabouk: Tabouk (August). [Source: collected material]
Note: This species was recorded herein for the first time from Saudi Arabia.
Material examined: EGYPT: 1 female, Abu-Rawash, 24.2.1926, R.M. leg.; 1 female, Wadi Garawi, 22.3.1930, Farag leg.; 1 female, Wadi Garawi, 31.3.1930, Farag leg.; 1 male, Kafr Hakim, 20.3.1926, R.M. leg.; 1 male, Kerdassa, 23.2.1927, R.M. leg.; 1 male, Mansouriah, 13.2.1926, R.M. leg.; 2 males, Wadi Garawi, 31.3.1920, Farag. leg.; EFC. SAUDI ARABIA: 1 female, Tabouk University, 28.8.2012, sweeping net, Al-Sherif leg.; MSHC.
Nemestrinus caucasicus (Fischer, 1806)
Rhynchocephalus caucasicus Fischer, 1806: 220. Type locality: Caucasia.
Nemestrina analis Olivier, 1810: 94. Type locality: "ad maris Caspium Littora".
Rhynchocephalus adamsii Fischer, 1812: 188. Unjustified new name for R. caucasicus Fischer.
Nemestrina albofasciata Wiedemann, 1828: 251. Type locality: Unknown.
Nemestrina anthophorina Portschinsky, 1881: 136. Type locality: Turkey.
Distribution: PA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Egypt, Kazakhstan, Iran, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Sack (1933), Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967), Richter (1988)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: Unknown. [Sources: Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967)]
Nemestrinus exalbidus Lichtwardt (1907)
Nemestrina exalbida Lichtwardt, 1907: 441. Type locality: Israel or Palestine (Jerusalem).
Distribution: AF: Egypt [as “GE”]. PA: Egypt, Iran, Israel? Saudi Arabia [as “Arabien”]. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Sack (1933), Paramonov (1945), Richter (1988)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: ED: Ogret El-Sheikh, Wadi Dar El-Maskhara, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Rishrash, Wadi Zohleiga (March and April); GE: Shalateen (March); LNVD: Abu-Rawash, Helwan, Kafr Hakim, Kerdassa, Mansouriah, Shubra (April to October); Sinai: locality and date unknown. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), El-Hashash et al. (2021) and museum material in EFC, ESEC and PPDD]. ? SAUDI ARABIA:?. [Source: Sack (1933)]
Note: Sack (1933) recorded this species from the Arabian Peninsula [as “Arabien”], however, he did not specifically mention the country from which he recorded the species. So, this record in Saudi Arabia is doubtful, especially Richter (1988) did not catalogue the species as recorded from any Arabian country.
Material examined: EGYPT: 1 female, Abu-Rawash, 16.3.1927, R.M. leg.; 1 female, Ogret El-Sheikh, 31.3.1926, Efflatoun leg,; 1 male, Wadi Hoff, 24.3.1930, Farag, leg.; 7 males, 4 females, Wadi Rishrash, 29.3.1935, H.C.E. & M.T. leg.; EFC.
Nemestrinus fasciatus (Olivier, 1810)
Nemestrina fasciatus Olivier, 1810: 94. Type locality: Egypt.
Distribution: PA: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Morocco, Syria. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Richter (1988)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: CS: Burg El-Arab, Mariout, Max (April and June); ED: Abu-Sueir (May); LNVD: Mansouriah (June). [Sources: El-Hashash et al. (2021) and museum material in EFC, ESEC and PPDD]
Material examined: EGYPT: 1 female, Burg El-Arab, 6.5.1926, Tewfik leg.; EFC.
Nemestrinus fascifrons (Bigot, 1888)
Nemestrina fascifrons Bigot, 1888: 8. Type locality: Tunisia (Kerkennah Islands).
Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel, Tunisia. [Source: Richter (1988)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: ED: Wadi Digla, Wadi Garawi, Wadi Hoff (March to August); LNVD: Kafr Hakim, Kerdassa, Mansouriah, Turah (February and October). [Sources: Museum material in ESEC].
Note. Egyptian records of this species were taken from an old list of species preserved in ESEC. However, these records seem to be doubtful and we could no t check them. The collection in ESEC was closed at the present time for unknown reasons and material was thought to be abandoned there.
Nemestrinus pallipes (Olivier, 1810)
Nemestrina pallipes Olivier, 1810: 94. Type locality: "Java" [According to Bequaert (1932: 22), type locality is Egypt as the species was described from Egyptian material].
Nemestrina javana Macquart, 1840: 17. Type locality: "Java" [According to Bequaert (1932: 22), type locality was Egypt as the species was also described from Egyptian material].
Distribution: PA: Egypt. [Source: Richter (1988)].
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: Unknown. [Source: Bequaert (1932), Richter (1988)].
Nemestrinus persicus Lichtwardt, 1909
Nemestrinus persicus Lichtwardt, 1909: 119. Type locality: Iran [as "Persien"].
Distribution: PA: Egypt, Iran, Kazakhstan, kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. [Sources: Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967), Richter (1988)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: Unknown. [Sources: Sack (1933, Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967)]
Nemestrinus reticulatus Latreille, 1802
Nemestrinus reticulatus Latreille, 1802: 437. Type locality: Not given ["Insulis Archipelagi, Egypt, Syria, Levant", according to Latreille (1805: 319)]
Rhynchocephalus latreillei Fischer, 1812: 195. Unjustified new name for R. reticulatus Latreille.
Nemestrina cincta Macquart, 1840: 16. Type locality: Arabia.
Nemestrina kindermanni Bischof, 1905: 172. Type locality: Turkey (Illany-Dagh, 1300 m near Kasieri).
Distribution: PA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Greece (Naxos), Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey. [Sources: Latreille (1805), Lichtwardt (1909), Sack (1933), Richter (1988)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: Unknown. [Source: Sack (1933), Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967), Richter (1988)]. SAUDI ARABIA: Unknown. [Source: Macquart (1840), Richter (1988)]
Nemestrinus ruficornis (Macquart, 1840)
Nemestrina ruficornis Macquart, 1840: 15. Type locality: Egypt.
Distribution: PA: Egypt.
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: Unknown. [Source: Original description (Macquart 1840)]
Nemestrinus rufipes (Olivier, 1810
) (Fig. 3)
Nemestrina rufipes Olivier, 1810: 94. Type locality: Egypt.
Nemestrina lateralis Wiedemann, 1828: 560. Type locality: Egypt.
Distribution: AF: Saudi Arabia [as “South-western part”]. PA: Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Qatar, Syria, United Arab Emirates. [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), Abdu and Shaumar (1985), Richter (1988), Judas (2016), present study]
Local distribution and dates of collection: EGYPT: CS: Mersa Matrouh (January to April); ED: El-Mallah, Wadies south-east of Cairo (March to August); Fayoum: Siala (March); LNVD: Abu-Rawash, Beni Sweif, Cairo, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Giza, Helwan, Kerdassa, Maadi, Marg (March to June); UNV: Assiut, Gebel El-Halal (March and April); WD: Mout (Dakhla Oasis) (March). [Sources: Lichtwardt (1909), El-Hashash et al. (2021) and museum material in EFC, ESEC and PPDD]. SAUDI ARABIA: Al-Baha: Dhi Ayn (April). [Source: collected material]
Note. This species was recorded herein for the first time from Saudi Arabia and the Afrotropical Region, considering the south-western district of Saudi Arabia as affiliated to the Afrotropical Region.
Material examined: Material examined: EGYPT: 1 male, Ezbet El-Nakhl, 25.4.1924,Efflatoun leg.; 1male, 1 female, Helwan, 3.4.1934, Farag leg.; 4 females, Helwan, 8.4.1932, Farag leg.; 1 male, Kerdassa, 11.4.1926, R.M. leg.; 1 female, Wadi Garawi, 31.3.1930, Farag leg.; EFC. SAUDI ARABIA: 1 female, Dhi Ayn, 11.IV.2012, sweeping net, El-Hawagry leg., MSHC.
Subfamily FALLENIINAE
Genus TRICHOPSIDEA Westwood, 1839
Trichopsidea Westwood, 1839: 151. Type species: Trichopsidea oestracea Westwood, 1839, by monotypy.
Symmictus Loew, 1858: 368. Type species: Symmictus costatus Loew, 1858, by monotypy.
Dicrotrypana Bigot, 1879: 86. Type species: Dicrotrypana flavopilosa Bigot, 1879 (= Symmictus costatus Loew), by monotypy.
Trichopsidea costata (Loew, 1858) (Fig. 4)
Symmictus costata Loew, 1858: 368. Type locality: South Africa (Cape).
Dicrotrypana flavopilosa Bigot, 1879: lxvii. Type locality: "Europa merid.?"
Symmictus costatus ssp. frischi Teschner, 1965: 366. Type locality: France (Crau).
Distribution: AF: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Saudi Arabia [as “South-western part”], Somalia, South Africa. PA: Algeria, Armenia, France, Spain. [Sources: Greathead (1958), Richter (1988), Narchuk (2007), El-Hawagry et al. (2017)]
Local distribution and dates of collection: SAUDI ARABIA: Al-Baha: Jabal Shada al-A’la Nature Reserve (December); Asir: Raydah Nature Reserve August. [Sources: El-Hawagry et al. (2016), El-Hawagry et al. (2017) and collected material]
Material examined: SAUDI ARABIA: 1 male, Al-Baha, Shada, 10.XII.2014, light trap, Al-Dhafer et al. leg., KSMA; 1 female, Asir, Raydah, 26.VIII.2014, pitfall trap, Al-Dhafer et al. leg., KSMA.