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Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control
Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control Cover Image
  • Research
  • Open Access

Catalogue of the Tachinidae of Egypt (Diptera: Oestroidea)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control201828:46

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-018-0042-3

©  The Author(s) 2018

  • Received: 18 December 2017
  • Accepted: 19 March 2018
  • Published:

Abstract

Tachinid flies are an important group of parasitoids in their larval stage, and all their hosts are of the Arthropoda, almost exclusively other insects, including important insect pests in agriculture and forestry. All known Egyptian taxa of the family Tachinidae are systematically catalogued. Synonymies, type localities, type depositories, world distributions by biogeographic realm(s) and country, Egyptian localities, and dates of collection are provided. A total of 72 tachinid species belonging to 42 genera, 15 tribes, and 4 subfamilies has been treated.

Keywords

  • Tachinid flies
  • Egyptian taxa
  • World distribution
  • Egyptian localities
  • Dates of collection

Background

Tachinidae are a large and cosmopolitan family of flies within the superfamily Oestroidea. It is the second largest family in the order Diptera (Irwin et al. 2003), with some 1500 recognized genera (O’Hara 2016) and more than 8500 described species (O’Hara 2013) worldwide. However, the estimated true diversity of the family is probably double the number of the currently known species, making this family a good candidate for the first largest family of Diptera (O’Hara, 2008 and 2013 and Pape et al. 2011).

Tachinid flies range in size from 2 to 20 mm, and most of them are larger than a house fly and noticeably more bristly, especially on thoracic dorsum and third to fifth abdominal segments; however, across the family there is a tremendous variety of shapes, colors, and degree of bristling. In addition to features shared with other families of the super family Oestroidea (Rhinophoridae, Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae, and Oestridae), adult tachinids can be recognized by the developed postscutellum (a rounded bulge below the hind part of the thoracic dorsum) (O’Hara 2008). The family is divided into four subfamilies: Dexiinae, Exoristinae, Phasiinae, and Tachininae. All four subfamilies are represented in Egypt as shown in the present results.

Tachinid flies are nectar or honeydew feeders as adults and are effective pollinators (Tooker et al. 2006). However, they are an important group of parasitoids in their larval stage, and all their hosts are of the phylum Arthropoda, almost exclusively other insects, including insect pests in agriculture and forestry. They typically parasitize phytophagous larvae of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera or nymphs of Hemiptera and Orthoptera. Consequently, tachinid flies have been successfully applied in programs of biological control against different insect pests (Stireman et al. 2006; O’Hara 2008 and Cerretti and Tschorsnig 2010).

No comprehensive taxonomic studies on the family Tachinidae have been carried out in Egypt before. Only one published study, Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967), listed the Egyptian species of dipterous families including Tachinidae based on literature and specimens deposited in the main Egyptian insect collections. However, despite its importance, the list included only the names of species within the family ordered alphabetically without referring to their suprageneric classification or to other important data such as original descriptions, type localities, synonymies, world distribution, type depositories, and local distribution. Another study, an unpublished Ph.D. thesis by Dr. Fathy Negm (Plant Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture) was completed in 1987 and reviewed the taxonomy of Egyptian Tachinidae. The author mainly adopted the classification of the Palaearctic catalogue of Herting (1984).

All missing data and deficiencies in previous Egyptian studies have been perfected with an updated taxonomy of the Egyptian Tachinidae in the present catalogue.

The present study is one in a series of planned studies on different Egyptian dipteran families aiming to catalogue the order Diptera as a whole in Egypt.

Egypt, as a part of the Great Desert Belt, is characterized by a warm and almost rainless climate (El-Hawagry 2017). Ecologists divide Egypt into eight ecological zones: Coastal Strip, Lower Nile Valley and Delta, Upper Nile Valley, Fayoum, Eastern Desert, Western Desert, Sinai, and Gebel Elba (Fig. 1). These zones have a greater affiliation to the Palaearctic Region except for the Gebel Elba, the southeastern triangle of Egypt, which has a greater affiliation to the Afrotropical Region (El-Hawagry and Gilbert 2014).
Fig. 1
Fig. 1

Map of Egypt showing the ecological zones (taken from El-Hawagry and Gilbert 2014)

Material and methods

The present catalogue is based mainly on specimens collected by the author and his co-workers from different Egyptian localities, in addition to data compiled from specimens preserved in the main Egyptian insect collections, especially EFC and PPDD. A great deal of information, including synonymies and distributional data is obtained from relevant literature and website databases as well. Of the most important literature reviewed are Kugler (1980a); Herting (1984); Cerretti and Freidberg 2009; O’Hara et al. (2009); O’Hara and Cerretti (2016); and Pape and Thompson (2017).

Scope

This catalogue treats all names of taxa of the family Tachinidae recorded from Egypt.

Arrangement of taxa

All taxa are arranged alphabetically. Old world synonyms, including all available and unavailable names, are chronologically listed.

Typographical treatment of names

Family-group headings are centered and written in bold uppercase letters. Genus-group headings are left-justified and written in bold uppercase letters. Species-group headings are left-justified and written in bold italicized lowercase letters except the first letter which is written uppercase. Authorship of genera, subgenera, and species are written in lowercase letters except the first letter which is written in uppercase. Taxonomically valid genus-group names (senior synonyms) are listed again in bold italicized lowercase letters (except the first uppercase letter) and left-justified under the headings followed by the reference including author, year, and journal pages. Taxonomically valid species-group names combined with their original genera (senior synonyms) are listed again in regular italicized lower case letters (except the first uppercase letter) and left-justified under the headings followed by the reference including author, year, and journal pages. Type species for all nomenclaturally available genus-group names are given after the reference line, followed by method of their fixation. For each genus and species-group name, associated synonyms are listed in a chronological order. They are written in regular italicized lowercase letters (except the first uppercase letter), followed by the reference and other data as in senior taxa. The rank of types that currently exist (e.g., syntype, holotype, lectotype) is given after the reference of each species-group taxon, followed by its location (depository) in museums, which is given as abbreviations in parenthesis. The type locality of each species-group taxon is given at the end after its type depository. Countries and islands of type localities are usually broken down to states, provinces, archipelagos, ecological zones, towns, and villages. These “sublocalities” are placed in parentheses after the main locality, e.g., “Egypt (Sinai)” . The sublocalities may be more broken down to “smaller sublocalities”. These “smaller sublocalities” are written after a colon following the sublocality, e.g., “Egypt (Sinai: Tor)”.

Distribution

A complete world distribution by biogeographic realm(s) and country of each tachinid species, as is known from the literature, is listed in alphabetical order. Distribution localities preceded by a question mark (?) are considered questionable.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection

The Egyptian localities from which each tachinid species is collected and dates of collection are given to map a picture for the distribution and activity periods of the species in the different ecological zones of Egypt. Localities within each ecological zone are arranged alphabetically and written after a colon following the ecological zone, e.g., “Coastal Strip: Mariout”. Spelling of locality names in Egypt almost follows El-Hawagry and Gilbert (2014) and El-Hawagry (2015 and 2017).

The catalogue

This catalogue presents four tachinid subfamilies as represented in Egypt, and the number of taxa treated in the catalogue can be summarized in table.

Subfamily

Tribes

Genera

Species

Dexiinae

2

6

6

Exoristinae

5

21

37

Phasiinae

3

5

7

Tachininae

5

10

16

Doubtful taxa

  

6

Total number

15

42

72

Subfamily DEXIINAE

Tribe DEXIINI

Genus TRIXICEPS Villeneuve

Trixiceps Villeneuve, 1936: 329. Type species: Trixiceps aegyptiaca Villeneuve, 1936, by monotypy.

Trixiceps magnipalpis (Bezzi, 1922)

Paraprosena magnipalpis Bezzi, 1922: 154. Type(s) not located. Libya (Benghazi).

Trixiceps aegyptiaca Villeneuve, 1936: 329. Egypt (Ikingi Mariout).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Europe, Libya.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Mariout, Mersa Matruh.

Dates of collection: April to August.

Tribe VORIINI

Genus HYPOVORIA Villeneuve

Hypovoria Villeneuve, 1913a: 510 (as subgenus of Voria Robineau-Desvoidy 1830). Type species: Voria (Hypovoria) hilaris Villeneuve, 1913, by monotypy.

Hypovoria hilaris (Villeneuve, 1913)

Voria (Hypovoria) hilaris Villeneuve, 1913a: 510. Holotype female (CNC). Tunisia (Sfax).

Distribution: PA: Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, S. Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Macedonia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia), W. Europe (Andorra, Portugal (including Azores, excluding Madeira), Spain), Israel, Mongolia, Russia (E. Siberia), Tunisia, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: El-Marg, Mariout.

Dates of collection: February to July.

Genus NANOPLAGIA Villeneuve

Nanoplagia Villeneuve, 1929a: 45. Type species: Plagia hilfii Strobl, 1902, by original designation.

Nanoplagia sinaica (Villeneuve, 1909)

Plagia hilfii sinaica Villeneuve in Hermann and Villeneuve, 1909: 157. Holotype female (CNC). Egypt (Sinai).

Distribution: PA: Algeria, China, Egypt, S. Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Macedonia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia), Israel, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Russia (W. Russia, E. Siberia), Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Sinai:?

Dates of collection: April.

Genus PERISCEPSIA Gistel

Scopolia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 268 (junior homonym of Scopolia Hübner). Type species: Musca carbonaria Panzer, 1798, by subsequent designation of Zetterstedt, 1844: 1239).

Periscepsia Gistel, 1848: x (nomen novum for Scopolia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830).

Phoricheta Rondani, 1861a: 8 (nomen novum for Scopolia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830).

Ramonda Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 790. Type species: Ramonda fasciata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (= Tachina spathulata Fallén, 1820) by original designation.

Subgenus PERISCEPSIA Gistel —Nominotypical subgenus

Periscepsia (Periscepsia) handlirschi (Brauer and von Bergenstamm, 1891)

Phorichaeta handlirschii Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891: 52. Unspecified type(s) (NHMW). Italy (Trentino: Trafoi).

Note: The specific epithet was spelled handlirschii in the original description but was subsequently changed to handlirschi (O’Hara 2009).

Distribution: PA: China, Egypt, Israel, Europe.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Burg El-Arab, Mariout.

Dates of collection: February to October.

Genus UCLESIA Girschner

Uclesia Girschner, 1901: 69. Type species: Uclesia fumipennis Girschner, 1901, by monotypy.

Uclesia petiolata (Villeneuve, 1929)

Nanoplagia petiolata Villeneuve, 1929a: 45. Holotype female (?EFC, not located). Egypt (Wadi Rishrash).

Distribution: PA: Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Russia, Tadzhikistan.

Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Wadi Rishrash.

Dates of collection: March.

Genus WAGNERIA Robineau-Desvoidy

Wagneria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 126. Type species: Wagneria gagatea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by monotypy.

Wagneria cunctans (Meigen, 1824)

Tachina cunctans Meigen, 1824: 419. Holotype male (MNHN). Germany.

Wagneria riedeli Villeneuve, 1937: 405. Germany (Frankfurt).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Europe, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: El-Burg, Mariout, Nuzha. Eastern Desert: Suez Road. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Dokki. Sinai: Ein Mouussa.

Dates of collection: January to July.

Subfamily EXORISTINAE

Tribe ERYCIINI

Genus AMELIBAEA Mesnil

Amelibaea Mesnil, 1955: 454 (as subgenus of Phebellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1846). Type species: Parexorista tultschensis Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891, by monotypy.

Amelibaea ?signifera (Villeneuve, 1929)

Exorista signifera Villeneuve, 1929a: 44. Holotype male (?EFC, not located). Egypt (Mariout).

Remarks: The identity of this species is not clear since the male holotype is apparently lost (Cerretti and Freidberg 2009).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel (Cerretti and Freidberg 2009).

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Mariout.

Dates of collection: January.

Genus APLOMYA Robineau-Desvoidy

Aplomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 184. Type species: Aplomya zonata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (= Tachina confinis Fallén, 1820), by subsequent designation of Robineau-Desvoidy (1863a: 459, 460).

Prozenillia Villeneuve, 1916: 487. Type species: Prozenillia distans Villeneuve, 1916, by monotypy.

Wiedemanniomyia Townsend, 1933: 469. Type species: Tachina metallica Wiedemann, 1824, by original designation.

Aplomyiella Mesnil, 1939: 31. Type species: Tricholyga impexa Villeneuve, 1916 (= Tachina metallica Wiedemann, 1824), by original designation.

Atricholyga Villeneuve, 1939: 9. Type species: Tricholyga impexa Villeneuve, 1916 (= Tachina metallica Wiedemann, 1824), by monotypy.

Aplomya confinis (Fallén, 1820)

Tachina confinis Fallén, 1820b: 32. Syntypes, males and females (NHRS and/or MZLU). Sweden (Gotland).

Phryxe zonata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 159. France.

Phryxe servillei Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 159. France (Paris).

Aplomya nitens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 185. France (Yonne: St. Sauveur).

Aplomya zonata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 185. France (Paris).

Tachina bicingulata Zetterstedt, 1844: 1133. Sweden (Skäne: Esperod).

Exorista aenescens Macquart, 1850: 409. France (Lestrem).

Exorista longicornis Perris, 1852: 206. France (Grandes Landes).

Tachina bizonata Zetterstedt, 1859: 6119. Sweden (Skäne: Sjobo).

Distribution: AF: ?Malawi, Yemen. OR: Orien. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19]. PA: Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Egypt, Europe, Israel, Japan, Korea, Kuril Is., Madeira, Mongolia, Pal. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Russia, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash, Koubba.

Dates of collection: February to April.

Aplomya metallica (Wiedemann, 1824)

Tachina metallica Wiedemann, 1824: 46. Lectotype male (ZMUC). India. [by fixation of Townsend (1933: 470)].

Tachina nigriventris Wiedemann, 1824: 43. India.

Tachina notata Wiedemann, 1830: 653. Sudan (Nubia Region [as “Nubien”]).

Tachina socia Wiedemann, 1830: 654. Sudan (Nubia Region [as “Nubien”]).

Phorocera eucalypta Loew, 1852: 659. Mozambique (Tete [as “Tette”]).

Parexorista laeviventris Wulp, 1893: 173. Indonesia (Jawa).

Tricholyga impexa Villeneuve, 1916: 494. D.R. Congo and South Africa (Eastern Cape).

Distribution: AF: Widespread. OR: Widespread. Palaearctic: Egypt, Israel, Japan, Pal. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19].

Egyptian localities: Upper Nile Valley: Asswan.

Dates of collection: Unknown.

Genus CADURCIELLA Villeneuve

Cadurciella Villeneuve, 1927: 120. Type species: Cadurciella rufipalpis Villeneuve, 1927, by monotypy.

Cadurciella tritaeniata (Rondani, 1859)

Exorista tritaeniata Rondani, 1859: 147. Unspecified type(?MZF). Italy (Parma).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Europe (northwards to Scotland, S. Norway, Sweden, Japan.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known. Recorded by Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967: 48).

Genus CESTONIA Rondani

Cestonia Rondani, 1861a: 105. Type species: Cestonia cineraria Rondani, 1861, by monotypy.

Cestonia cineraria Rondani, 1861

Cestonia cineraria Rondani, 1861a: 106. Syntypes, males and females (MZF). Italy (Parma).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Europe (Mediterranean, northwards to S. France, Switzerland, and Italy), Israel.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Nuzha. Eastern Desert: Wadi Hoff. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Ezbet El-Nakhl. Sinai: Wadi El-Tih.

Dates of collection: March to July.

Cestonia rutilans Villeneuve, 1929

Cestonia rutilans Villeneuve, 1929b: 102. Syntypes, 1 male and 1 female, not located. Egypt (Cairo).

Distribution: AF: Senegal, Yemen. PA: Egypt, Libya.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known.

Genus CESTONIONERVA Villeneuve

Cestonionerva Villeneuve, 1929a: 43. Type species: Conogaster petiolata Villeneuve, 1910, by subsequent designation of Townsend (1936: 137).

Cestonionerva petiolata (Villeneuve, 1910)

Conogaster petiolata Villeneuve in Becker, 1910: 144. Holotype female (NHMW, not located). Yemen (Socotra).

Cestonionerva proxima Villeneuve, 1929a: 43. Egypt (Dahshour).

Distribution: AF: U.A. Emirates, Yemen. PA: Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Israel, Mongolia, North Africa, Pal. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19].

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Dahshour.

Dates of collection: April.

Genus DRINO Robineau-Desvoidy

Drino Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 250. Type species: Drino volucris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (= Tachina lota Meigen, 1824), by original designation.

Subgenus PALEXORISTA Townsend

Palexorista Townsend, 1921: 134. Type species: Tachina succini Giebel, 1862 (as “Tichina succini Giebel”), by monotypy.

Prosturmina Mesnil, 1970b: 110 (as subgenus of Drino Robineau-Desvoidy). Type species: Sturmia vigilans Villeneuve, 1933 (= Sturmia pulchra Curran, 1927), by original designation.

Drino (Palexorista) gilva (Hartig, 1838)

Tachina gilva Hartig, 1838: 288. Syntypes, males and females, not located. Germany.

Drino aurora Mesnil, 1949: 15. Japan.

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Europe, Japan, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known. Recorded from Egypt by Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967: 48).

Drino (Palexorista) imberbis (Wiedemann, 1830)

Tachina imberbis Wiedemann, 1830: 317. Syntypes, males (ZMUH, lost). Egypt.

Sturmia zonata Curran, 1927b: 336. Uganda (Entebbe).

Distribution: AF: D.R. Congo, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, U.A. Emirates, Uganda, Yemen. PA: Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Egypt, Iran, Israel, North Africa, Turkey, Turkmenia.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known.

Drino (Palexorista) inconspicua (Meigen, 1830)

Tachina inconspicua Meigen, 1830: 369. Unspecified types, females (MNHN). Germany (Berlin).

Tachina bimaculata Hartig, 1838: 286. Germany.

Tachina flavoscutellata Zetterstedt, 1844: 1042. Sweden.

Masicera cursitans Rondani, 1861a: 21. Italy (Parma).

Sturmia lophyri Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 892. Germany.

Drino inusta Mesnil, 1949: 25. Poland.

Distribution: PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, Europe, Russia (W. Russia, W. Siberia), Taiwan, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known.

Subgenus ZYGOBOTHRIA Mik

Zygobothria Mik, 1891: 193. Type species: Sturmia atropivora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by original designation.

Formosodoria Townsend, 1933: 475. Type species: Sturmia (Argyrophylax) dilabida Villeneuve, 1916 (= Meigenia ciliata van der Wulp, 1881), by original designation.

Drino ( Zygobothria ) atropivora (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830)

Sturmia atropivora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 171. Syntypes, males and females (MNHN). France.

Sturmia masakensis Curran, 1927c: 117. Uganda (Masaka).

Distribution: AF: Widespread. AU: Australia. OR: India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Orien. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti, 2016: 19], Ryukyu Is., Sri Lanka. PA: Algeria, Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Egypt, all Europe (except British Is., Scand.), Israel, Japan, Pal. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Morocco, Russia, Transcaucasia, Tunisia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Ramleh. Eastern Desert: Ismailia, Suez Road. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: El-Qubba, Dekernes, Maadi, Shubra.

Dates of collection: April to July.

Genus THECOCARCELIA Townsend

Thecocarcelia Townsend, 1933: 471. Type species: Argyrophylax pelmatoprocta Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891 (= Masicera acutangulata Macquart, 1851), by original designation.

Thelycarcelia Townsend, 1933: 475. Type species: Thelycarcelia thrix Townsend, 1933 (= Sturmia sumatrana Baranov, 1932), by original designation.

Thecocarcelia acutangulata (Macquart, 1851)

Masicera acutangulata Macquart, 1851a: 478. Unspecified type, female (?MHNL). Switzerland (Chur [as “Coire”]).

Masicera incedens Rondani, 1861a: 22. Italy (Parma).

Argyrophylax pelmatoprocta Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891: 344. Austria (Bisamberg: nr. Vienna).

Distribution: AF: Widespread. PA: Palaearctic: Egypt, all Europe (except Turkey), Japan, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known.

Tribe ETHILLINI

Genus ATYLOMYIA Brauer

Atylomyia Brauer, 1898: 525. Type species: Atylomyia loewii Brauer, 1898, by monotypy.

Atylomyia albifrons Villeneuve, 1911

Atylomyia albifrons Villeneuve, 1911: 86. Lectotype female (CNC). Egypt (Helwan).

Atylomyia rungsi Mesnil, 1962: 778. Holotype. Morocco (Ait Melloul).

Distribution: PA: China, Egypt, Israel, W. Europe (Andorra, Portugal (including Azores, excluding Madeira), Spain).

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Helwan.

Dates of collection: January and February.

Tribe EXORISTINI

Genus ALLOPROSOPAEA Villeneuve

Alloprosopaea Villeneuve, 1923: 89. Type species: Alloprosopaea efflatouni Villeneuve, 1923, by monotypy.

Alloprosopaea efflatouni Villeneuve, 1923

Alloprosopaea efflatouni Villeneuve, 1923: 90. Unspecified type(s) (CNC). Egypt (Wadi Hoff).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Wadi Hoff. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Dahshour.

Dates of collection: April.

Genus CHAETORIA Becker

Chaetoria Becker, 1908: 113. Type species: Chaetoria stylata Becker, 1908, by monotypy.

Clistorrhinia Bezzi in Bezzi and Lamb, 1926: 570. Type species: Clistorrhinia aurifrons Bezzi, 1926, by monotypy.

Chaetoria stylata Becker, 1908

Chaetoria stylata Becker, 1908: 114. Lectotype female (ZMHB). Canary Islands (Tenerife).

Distribution: AF: Botswana, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, U.A. Emirates, Yemen. PA: Algeria, Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Egypt, Europe, Morocco, Tunisia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Ramleh. Upper Nile Valley: Luxur.

Dates of collection: January to September.

Genus CHETOGENA Rondani

Salia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 108 (junior homonym of Salia Hübner, 1818). Type species: Salia echinura Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (= Tachina obliquata Fallén 1810), by subsequent designation of Robineau-Desvoidy (1863a: 553).

Chetogena Rondani, 1856: 68. Type species: Salia rondaniana Villeneuve, 1931.

Spoggosia Rondani, 1859: 182. Type species: Spoggosia occlusa Rondani, 1859 (=Tachina obliquata Fallén 1810), by monotypy.

Stomatomyia Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1889: 98. Type species: Chetogena filipalpis Rondani, 1859, by subsequent designation of Brauer (1893: 483).

Chetogena aegyptiaca (Villeneuve, 1923)

Tachinosalia aegyptiaca Villeneuve, 1923: 91. Holotype male (EFC). Egypt.

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Mariout.

Dates of collection: March.

Chetogena cercosa (Kugler, 1980)

Chaetogena cercosa Kugler, 1980a: 31. Holotype male (TAU). Israel (Elat).

Distribution: AF: U. A. Emirates. PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: Serabit El-Khadim.

Dates of collection: April.

Chetogena sinaica (Villeneuve, 1909)

Stomatomyia acuminata var. sinaica Villeneuve in Hermann and Villeneuve, 1909: 157. Holotype female (CNC). Egypt (Sinai).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: South Sinai.

Dates of collection: ?April.

Genus EXORISTA Meigen

Exorista Meigen, 1803: 280. Type species: Musca larvarum Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy.

Subgenus ADENIA Robineau-Desvoidy

Adenia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 1041. Type species: Tachina grisea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (= Tachina rustica Fallén, 1810), by original designation.

Staegeria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 972 (junior homonym of Staegeria Rondani 1856). Type species: Tachina pratensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by original designation.

Chaetotachina Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1889: 98. Type species: Tachina rustica Fallén, 1810, by monotypy.

Exorista (Adenia) rustica (Fallén, 1810)

Tachina rustica Fallén, 1810: 264. Lectotype male (NHRS). Sweden (Skåne).

Distribution: PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, all Europe, M. East, Mongolia, Russia, Taiwan, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Wadi Hoff.

Dates of collection: March to June.

Subgenus EXORISTA Meigen —Nominotypical subgenus

Exorista Meigen, 1803: 280. Type species: Musca larvarum Linnaeus, 1758 (as “Musca larvarum Fabr.”), by monotypy.

Exorista (Exorista) fasciata (Fallén, 1820)

Tachina fasciata Fallén, 1820a: 5. Syntypes, males and females (NHRS and/or MZLU). Sweden (Skåne, Äsperöd [as “Esperöd”] and Abusa).

Chetogena segregata Rondani, 1859: 181. Italy (Parma and Sicily); Malta.

Distribution: NE: Yukon, introduced and established in Ontario, Québec and New England. OR: India. PA: China, Egypt, Europe, Japan, M. East, Mongolia, Russia, Taiwan, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Upper Nile Valley: Assiout.

Dates of collection: March.

Exorista (Exorista) larvarum (Linnaeus, 1758)

Musca larvarum Linnaeus, 1758: 596. Unspecified Type(s) (LSUK). Europe.

Tachina moreti Robineau-Desvoidy, 1853: 534. France (Auxerre).

Distribution: NE: New England, Ontario, Québec, Yukon. OR: India. PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, all Europe, Japan, M. East, Mongolia, North Africa, Russia, Taiwan, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Alexandria, Mariout, Nuzha. Eastern Desert: Ismailia. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Bahtim, Dessouk, Dokki, Embaba, Sakha, Tanta. Fayoum: ?. Sinai: El-Arish. Upper Nile Valley: Sohag.

Dates of collection: Throughout the year.

Subgenus PODOTACHINA Brauer and Bergenstamm

Podotachina Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891: 350. Type species: Tachina sorbillans Wiedemann, 1830, by subsequent designation of Townsend (1916: 8).

Exorista ( Podotachina ) sorbillans (Wiedemann, 1830)

Tachina sorbillans Wiedemann, 1830: 311. Lectotype male (NHMW). Canary Islands (Tenerife).

Distribution: AF: Cameroon, Canary Is., D.R. Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda. OR: India, Indonesia, Nepal, Orien. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Philippines, Ryukyu Is., Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. Australasian: Australia, N. Australasian. PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Egypt, Europe, Israel, Japan, Mongolia, China.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known. Recorded from Egypt by Steyskal and El-Bialy (1967: 49).

Subgenus PTILOTACHINA Brauer and Bergenstamm

Ptilotachina Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891: 350. Type species: Exorista florentina Herting, 1975, by fixation of O’Hara et al. (2009: 94) under Article 70.3.2 of the Code (ICZN, 1999).

Exorista (Ptilotachina) rutilans Mesnil, 1970

Exorista rutilans Mesnil, 1970a: 113. Holotype male (MNHN). Egypt (Sinai).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai.

Dates of collection: April.

Exorista ( Ptilotachina ) xanthaspis (Wiedemann, 1830)

Tachina xanthaspis Wiedemann, 1830: 314. Syntypes, males and females (SMF). Sudan (Nubia Region [as “Nubien”]).

Tachina pyrrhocera Wiedemann, 1830: 314. Sudan (Nubia Region [as “Nubien”]).

Tachina fallax pseudofallax Villeneuve, 1920: 151. South Africa (Eastern Cape).

Larvaevora (Ptilotachina) fallax aethiopica Rohdendorf, 1931: 348. Sudan (Wad Medani).

Distribution: AF: Madagascar, Seychelles, Sudan, U.A. Emirates, Yemen. AU: N. Australasian. OR: India, Indonesia, Orien. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Ryukyu Is., Taiwan. PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Egypt, all Europe (except British Is., Scand.), Israel, Mongolia, Pal. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Russia, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash. Sinai: St. Katherine.

Dates of collection: February to August. Upper Nile Valley: Asswan.

Genus MACULOSALIA Mesnil

Maculosalia Mesnil, 1946: 62 (as subgenus of Spoggosia Rondani 1859). Type species: Deuterammobia maculosa Villeneuve, 1909, by monotypy.

Maculosalia maculosa (Villeneuve, 1909)

Deuterammobia maculosa Villeneuve, 1909: 80. ?Holotype (?MNHN). Egypt (Sinai).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Iran, Tunisia.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: ?

Dates of collection: Unknown.

Tribe GONIINI

Genus BLEPHARELLA Macquart

Blepharella Macquart, 1851b: 176. Type species: Blepharella lateralis Macquart, 1851, by original designation.

Blepharella versatilis (Villeneuve, 1910)

Sturmia versatilis Villeneuve, 1910a: 253. Unspecified type(s), 1 male (CNC). D.R. Congo.

Distribution: AF: D.R. Congo, Malawi, Nigeria, Sudan. PA: ?Egypt.

Note: Villeneuve (1913b: 29) recorded this species from Egypt, based on a male in BMNH, however this record needs confirmation (O’Hara and Cerretti 2016).

Genus CLEMELIS Robineau-Desvoidy

Clemelis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 481. Type species: Zenillia ciligera Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (= Tachina pullata Meigen, 1824), by original designation.

Clemelis apicalis Villeneuve, 1923

Clemelis apicalis Villeneuve, 1923: 92. Holotype male (?EFC, not located). Egypt [as “Lower Egypt”].

Distribution: PA: Egypt.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Mariout.

Dates of collection: April.

Genus GONIA Meigen

Salmacia Meigen, 1800: 38. Name suppressed by ICZN (1963: 339).

Gonia Meigen, 1803: 280. Type species: Gonia bimaculata Wiedemann, 1819, by subsequent designation of Sabrosky and Arnaud Jr (1965: 1075).

Reaumuria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 79. Type species: Musca capitata De Geer, 1776, by subsequent designation of Robineau-Desvoidy (1863a: 733).

Pissemya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851b: 318. Type species: Gonia atra Meigen, 1826, by monotypy.

Turanogonia Rohdendorf, 1924: 228. Type species: Turanogonia smimovi Rohdendorf, 1924 (= Gonia chinensis Wiedemann, 1824), by monotypy.

Asiogonia Rohdendorf, 1928: 98. Type species: Asiogonia asiatica Rohdendorf, 1928, by monotypy.

Chrysocerogonia Rohdendorf, 1928: 98 (as subgenus of Salmacia Meigen, 1800). Type species: Salmacia (Chrysocerogonia) ussuriensis Rohdendorf, 1928, by monotypy.

Eremogonia Rohdendorf, 1928: 98 (as subgenus of Salmacia Meigen, 1800). Type species: Salmacia (Eremogonia) desertorum Rohdendorf, 1928, by monotypy.

Gonia atra Meigen, 1826

Gonia atra Meigen, 1826: 7. Unspecified type(s) (MNHN). France.

Distribution: PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, Europe, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia (Siberia), Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Fayoum:? . Lower Nile Valley and Delta: El-Marg, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Kafr Hakim, Kerdassa, Sentrees.

Dates of collection: February to October.

Gonia bimaculata Wiedemann, 1819

Gonia bimaculata Wiedemann, 1819: 25. Syntypes, females (NHMW, ZMUC). South Africa (Western Cape: Cape of Good Hope).

Gonia cilipeda Rondani, 1859: 35. Italy (Parma and Malta).

Gonia incerta Bigot, 1888: 10. (Tunisia. Tunis).

Salmacia cabrerae Mesnil, 1956: 523. Canary Is. (Hierro).

Distribution: AF: Widespread (excl. W. AF). OR: Orien. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19]. PA: Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Europe, Israel, Madeira, North Africa, Pal. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Abu Qir. Eastern Desert: Gebel Asfar, Ismailia, Wadi Hoff. Fayoum: Kom Osheem. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash, Borkash, El-Marg, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Kafr Hakim, Pyramids, Shubra, Tanta, Zaqaziq.

Dates of collection: February to September.

Gonia capitata (De Geer, 1776)

Musca capitata De Geer, 1776: 23. Syntypes, unspecified number and sex (?NHRS). Sweden.

Rhedia testacea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 75. France (Paris).

Gonia trifaria Zeller, 1842: 841. Austria (Wien), Poland (Reinerz and Szczecin).

Gonia maritima Perris, 1847: 495. France.

Distribution: PA: China, Egypt, Europe, Mongolia, Russia (W. Russia, W. Siberia), Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Common throughout the country, particularly in: Coastal Strip: El-Burg, Mariout. Fayoum: ?. Eastern Desert: Wadi Rishrash, Wadi Wirak. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Giza, Helwan, Kerdassa, Tanta. Sinai: El-Arish, Ein Gedeirat, Ein Moweileh, Gebel Moussa, Wadi El-Lega, Wadi Firan. Western Desert: Siwa Oasis. Upper Nile Valley: Asswan.

Dates of collection: February to October.

Gonia ornata Meigen, 1826

Gonia ornata Meigen, 1826: 3. Syntypes, males (MNHN). France (Lyon).

Gonia vittata Meigen, 1826: 3. Germany.

Gonia nervosa Meigen, 1826: 4. Germany (Hamburg).

Rhedia vernalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 74. France.

Rhedia diversa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 77. France.

Gonia lateralis Zeller, 1842: 843. Poland (Glogow).

Distribution: PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, Europe (all), M. East, Mongolia, Russia (W. Russia, W. Siberia, S. Far East), Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Common throughout the country, particularly in: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash, Tanta. Upper Nile Valley: Qena.

Dates of collection: February to August.

Genus MENDELSSOHNIA Kugler

Mendelssohnia Kugler 1971: 69. Type species: Mendelssohnia sinaica Kugler, 1971, by original designation.

Mendelssohnia sinaica Kugler, 1971

Mendelssohnia sinaica Kugler, 1971: 70. Holotype male (TAU). Egypt (Sinai: Wadi El-Sheikh).

Distribution: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: Wadi El Sheikh.

Dates of collection: Unknown.

Genus NEALSOMYIA Mesnil

Nealsomyia Mesnil, 1939: 31. Type species: Exorista (Alsomyia) triseriella Villeneuve, 1929, by original designation.

Nealsomyia triseriella (Villeneuve, 1929)

Exorista triseriella Villeneuve, 1929c: 185. Holotype male (CNC). Egypt (Wadi Hoff: nr. Helwan).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Wadi Hoff.

Dates of collection: April to August.

Genus PSEUDOGONIA Brauer and Bergenstamm

Pseudogonia Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1889: 100. Type species: Gonia cinerascens Rondani, 1859 (= Tachina rufifrons Wiedemann, 1830), by monotypy.

Gaediogonia Townsend, 1927: 71. Type species: Gaediogonia jacobsoni Townsend, 1927 (= Tachina rufifrons Wiedemann, 1830), by original designation.

Pseudogonia fasciata (Wiedemann, 1819)

Gonia fasciata Wiedemann, 1819: 25. Syntypes, females (ZMUC). South Africa (Western Cape: Cape of Good Hope).

Rhedia capensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 77. South Africa (Western Cape: Cape of Good Hope).

Reaumuria lalandii Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 80. South Africa (Western Cape: Cape of Good Hope).

Distribution: AF: South Africa, Zimbabwe. PA: Andorra, Canary Is., Egypt, Portugal (including Azores, excluding Madeira), Spain.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known. Recorded from Egypt by Steyskal and El-Bialy 1967: 49).

Pseudogonia rufifrons (Wiedemann, 1830)

Tachina rufifrons Wiedemann, 1830: 318. Lectotype female (ZMUC). China.

Latreillia lalandii Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: l06. South Africa (Western Cape: Cape of Good Hope).

Gonia cinerascens Rondani, 1859: 34. Italy (Parma).

Gonia munroi Curran, 1927b: 339. Tanzania.

Gonia ritchiei Cuthbertson and Munro, 1941: 109. Nomen nudum.

Gonia munroi curran, 1927b: 339) Tanzania (Tanganyika) and South Africa.

Distribution: AF: Widespread, including Cape Verde, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, U.A. Emirates, Yemen. AU: Australia, Hawaii, Melanesia, N. Australasian. OR: India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Orien. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Pakistan, Philippines, Ryukyu Is., Taiwan, Thailand. PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Egypt, all Europe (except British Is.), Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, M. East (Israel), Mongolia, Pal. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Russia, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Mariout, Nuzha. Eastern Desert: Wadi Hoff. Gebel Elba: Wadi Edeib. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash. Sinai: Wadi El-Tih.

Dates of collection: January to July.

Genus RAMONELLA Kugler

Ramona Kugler, 1980a: 40 (junior homonym of Ramona Casey, 1886). Type species: Ramona mesnili Kugler, 1980, by original designation.

Ramonella Kugler, 1980b: 67 (nomen novum for Ramona Kugler, 1980).

Ramonella mesnili (Kugler, 1980)

Ramona mesnili Kugler, 1980a: 41. Holotype male (TAU). Israel (Negev: Ramon).

Distribution: AF: Yemen. PA: Canary Is., Egypt, Turkey, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: El-Marg. Sinai: Wadi Taibe, Wadi Watir.

Dates of collection: May to September.

Tribe WINTHEMIINI

Genus NEMORILLA Rondani

Nemorilla Rondani, 1856: 66. Type species: Tachina maculosa Meigen, 1824, by original designation.

Nemorilla floralis (Fallén, 1810)

Tachina floralis Fallén, 1810: 287. Holotype male (NHRS). Sweden.

Tachina notabilis Meigen, 1824: 266. Sweden.

Tachina angustipennis Meigen, 1824: 333. W. Europe.

Tachina pabulina Meigen, 1824: 358. Germany (Hamburg).

Exorista laticella Macquart, 1850: 373. France (Lestrem).

Exorista arrogans Macquart, 1850: 374. France (Lestrem).

Tachina intersita Walker, 1853: 72. England.

Nemorilla amica Rondani, 1859: 102. Italy (Parma).

Aubaea campestris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 186. France.

Pitthaea nebulosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 189. France.

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Europe, Russia, Japan, North Korea.

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Bahtim, Ezbet El-Nakhl. Sinai: El-Arish.

Dates of collection: April to June.

Subfamily PHASIINAE

Tribe CYLINDROMYIINI

Genus BESSERIA Robineau-Desvoidy

Besseria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 232. Type species: Besseria reflexa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by monotypy.

Apostrophus Loew, 1871: 310, 311. Type species: Apostrophus suspectus Loew, 1871 (=Actia zonaria Loew, 1847), by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 509).

Apostrophusia Townsend, 1933: 454. Type species: Apostrophus anthophilus Loew, 1871, by original designation.

Besseria anthophila (Loew, 1871)

Apostrophus anthophilus Loew, 1871: 310. Type(s), male(s), not located. Germany (Bavaria: Munich-Geiselgasteig).

Melia forcipata Bigot, 1881: 368. France (Hautes-Alpes: Queyras, Abries).

Distribution: NE: Alberta, Northwest Territories. PA: Egypt, Europe, Mongolia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Dekhila, Mariout.

Dates of collection: June to August.

Genus CYLINDROMYIA Meigen

Cylindromyia Meigen, 1803: 279. Type species: Musca brassicaria Fabricius, 1775, by monotypy.

Ocyptera Latreille, 1804: 195. Type species: Musca brassicaria Fabricius, 1775, by subsequent designation of Curtis (1837: 629).

Exogaster Rondani, 1856: 78. Type species: Exogaster carinatus Rondani, 1856 (= Ocyptera rufifrons Loew, 1844), by original designation.

Ocypterula Rondani, 1856: 78. Type species: Ocyptera pusilla Meigen, 1824, by original designation.

Plesiocyptera Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1893: 56. Type species: Ocyptera bicolor Wiedemann, 1819, by monotypy.

Conopisoma Speiser, 1910: 144. Type species: Conopisoma miraculum Speiser, 1910, by original designation.

Formicocyptera Townsend, 1933: 451. Type species: Ocyptera atrata Fabricius, 1805, by original designation.

Cylindromyia intermedia (Meigen, 1824)

Ocyptera intermedia Meigen, 1824: 212. Holotype male (MNHN). ?Europe.

Ocyptera scalaris Loew, 1844: 240. Austria (Vienna).

Ocyptera excisa Loew, 1845: 171. Romania (Mehadia).

Ocyptera excisa var. rufiventris Strobl, 1906: 338. Spain (Villa Rutis).

Ocyptera reinigi Enderlein, 1934: 132. Tajikistan (Pamir: Karasu).

Distribution: Nearctic: Widespread. PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, Europe, Iran, Israel, Mongolia, Russia, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Alexandria, Mariout, Max, Ramleh. Upper Nile Valley: Beni Suef.

Dates of collection: April to September.

Cylindromyia rufipes (Meigen, 1824)

Ocyptera rufipes Meigen, 1824: 215. Lectotype male (MNHN). France.

Distribution: AF: U.A. Emirates. OR: India, Pakistan. PA: Egypt, all Europe (except British Is., Scand.), Pakistan, Russia (W. Russia), Saudi Arabia, Transcaucasia, Ukraine.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Alexandria. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Gebel Asfar, Kubba.

Dates of collection: October to February.

Tribe LEUCOSTOMATINI

Genus DIONOMELIA Kugler

Dionomelia Kugler, 1978b: 346. Type species: Dionomelia hennigi Kugler, 1978, by original designation.

Dionomelia hennigi Kugler, 1978

Dionomelia hennigi Kugler, 1978b: 346. Holotype female (TAU). Israel (Dead Sea area: Ein Boqeq).

Distribution: AF: U.A. Emirates. PA: Andorra, Egypt, Israel, Portugal (including Azores, excluding Madeira), Spain.

Egyptian localities: Sinai.

Dates of collection: April to September.

Genus LEUCOSTOMA Meigen

Leucostoma Meigen, 1803: 279. Type species: Ocyptera simplex Fallén, 1815, by subsequent monotypy of Meigen (1824: 234).

Leucostoma engeddense Kugler, 1966

Leucostoma engeddense Kugler, 1966: 177. Holotype female (TAU). Israel (Dead Sea area: Ein Gedi).

Distribution: AF: South Africa, U.A. Emirates. PA: Algeria, Canary Is., Egypt, Israel, Madeira, NW Africa, Spain, Turkey.

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Minia El-Qamh, Tanta.

Dates of collection: February to May.

Leucostoma obsidianum (Wiedemann, 1830)

Tachina obsidiana Wiedemann, 1830: 341. Lectotype female (SMF). Sudan (Nuba [as “Nubien”]).

Leucostoma marismortui Kugler, 1966: 179. Israel (Dead Sea area: Ein Gedi).

Distribution: AF: Sudan, Yemen. PA: Canary Is., Egypt, Europe, Israel, Malta, Saudi Arabia.

Egyptian localities: Upper Egypt: Asswan.

Dates of collection: Unknown.

Tribe PHASIINI

Genus PHASIA Latreille

Phasia Latreille, 1804: 195. Type species: Conops subcoleoptratus Linnaeus, 1767, by subsequent monotypy of Latreille (1805: 379).

Alophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 293. Type species: Syrphus hemipterus Fabricius, 1794, by subsequent designation of Robineau-Desvoidy (1863b: 226, as “Thereva hemiptera de Fabricius”).

Hyalomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 298. Type species: Phasia semicinerea Meigen, 1824 (=Phasia pusilla Meigen, 1824), by subsequent designation of Westwood (1840: 140).

Phorantha Rondani, 1861b: 209. Type species: Phorantha musciformis Rondani, 1861 (= Conops subcoleoptratus Linnaeus, 1767), by monotypy.

Paralophora Girschner, 1887: 412 (as subgenus of Alophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830). Type species: Phasia pusilla Meigen, 1824, by monotypy.

Alophorella Townsend, 1912: 45. Type species: Thereva obesa Fabricius, 1798, by original designation.

Phasia pusilla Meigen, 1824

Phasia pusilla Meigen, 1824: 198. Lectotype male (CNC). Germany (Stolberg).

Phasia semicinerea Meigen, 1824: 199. Germany (Stolberg).

Hyalomya carbonaria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 300. France (St. Sauveur).

Hyalomya corinna Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 301. France.

Phasia vitripennis Zetterstedt, 1859: 6169. Sweden (Skane).

Hyalomya chorea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 266. France.

Distribution: PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, Europe (all), Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known.

Subfamily TACHININAE

Tribe ERNESTIINI

Genus EURITHIA Robineau-Desvoidy

Erigone Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 65 (junior homonym of Erigone Audouin, 1826). Type species: Erigone anthophila Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by subsequent designation of Townsend (1932: 42).

Eurithia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1844: 24. Type species: Erigone puparum Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (= Tachina caesia Fallén, 1810), by monotypy.

Eurithia castellana (Strobl, 1906)

Erigone castellana Strobl, 1906: 338. Holotype male (NMBA). Spain (Madrid). Holotype may be lost, see O’Hara et al. (2009).

Distribution: PA: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Egypt, Greece, Israel, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: El-Burg, Mariout. Eastern Desert: Ismailia. Fayoum: ?. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash. Upper Nile Valley: Asswan.

Dates of collection: January to October.

Genus LINNAEMYA Robineau-Desvoidy

Linnaemya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 52. Type species: Linnaemya silvestris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (= Tachina vulpina Fallén, 1810), by subsequent designation of Robineau-Desvoidy (1863a: 131).

Bonellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 56 (junior homonym of Bonellia Rolando, 1822). Type species: Bonellia tessellans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by subsequent designation of Townsend (1916: 6).

Elachipalpus Rondani, 1850: 169. Type species: Micropalpus longirostris Macquart, 1845 (junior primary homonym of Micropalpus longirostris Macquart, 1844; = Elachipalpus rondanii Townsend, 1916), by original designation.

Tachinomima Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891: 383. Type species: Tachinomima expetens Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1891 (= Micropalpus longirostris Macquart, 1844), by monotypy.

Hecatoepalpus Townsend, 1933: 467. Type species: Micropalpus prohecate Speiser, 1910, by original designation.

Micropalpinus Enderlein, 1937: 441. Type species: Micropalpus pallidus Jaennicke, 1867, by original designation.

Gymmantia Enderlein, 1937: 441. Type species: Micropalpus alboscutellatus Speiser, 1910, by original designation.

Linnaemya comta (Fallén, 1810)

Tachina comta Fallén, 1810: 277. Unspecified type(s), females (NHRS) Sweden.

Tachina compta Meigen, 1824: 262. Unjustified emendation of comta Fallén.

Tachina fulgens Meigen, 1824: 259. Austria, France and Germany.

Linnaemya heraclei Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 53. France (Paris).

Linnaemya analis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 54. France (Angers).

Linnaemya aestivalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 54. France.

Linnaemya borealis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 54. France.

Bonnetia longipes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 55. France.

Bonnetia oenanthis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 56. France (Paris).

Micropalpus humeralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 119. New name for Bonnetia longipes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830.

Distribution: AF: Sudan. NE: Widespread. OR: India, Nepal. PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, Europe (all), Kazakhstan, Israel, Mongolia, Russia (W. Russia, W. Siberia, E. Siberia, S. Far East), Taiwan, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Wadi Garawi, Wadi Rishrash. Gebel Elba: ?. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Mansouriya.

Dates of collection: January to March.

Linnaemya latigena Kugler, 1977

Linnaemyia latigena Kugler, 1977: 3. Holotype male (TAU). Egypt (Sinai: Bir Gifgafa [as “Refidim”]).

Distribution: AF: U.A. Emirates. PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: Bir Gifgafa, Mitla, Wadi Firan.

Dates of collection: April.

Linnaemya petiolata Kugler, 1971

Linnaemya petiolata Kugler, 1971: 80. Unspecified type(s), male(s) (TAU). Egypt (South Sinai: Abu Marawath).

Distribution: PA: Egypt.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: Abu Marawath.

Dates of collection: April to August.

Linnaemya soror Zimin, 1954

Linnaemyia soror Zimin, 1954: 266. Holotype male (ZIN). Tajikistan (Gorno-Badakhshan: Khorugh).

Distribution: PA: Canary Is., C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, W. Europe (Andorra, Portugal (including Azores, excluding Madeira), Spain), S. Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia), Israel, North Africa, Russia, Transcaucasia, Turkmenia, Uzbekistan. OR: India, Nepal.

Egyptian localities: Pyramids.

Dates of collection: September.

Tribe GRAPHOGASTRINI

Genus PHYTOMYPTERA Rondani

Phytomyptera Rondani, 1845: 32, 33. Type species: Phytomyptera nitidiventris Rondani, 1845 (= Tachina nigrina Meigen, 1824), by monotypy.

Elfia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1850: 190. Type species: Actia cingulata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by subsequent designation of Robineau-Desvoidy (1863a: 672).

Phytomyptera lacteipennis Villeneuve, 1934

Phytomyptera lacteipennis Villeneuve, 1934b: 71. Lectotype female (CNC). Egypt (Suez).

Distribution: AF: U.A. Emirates. PA: Egypt, Europe, Israel, Libya, Mongolia, Russia (W. Russia).

Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Suez Road.

Dates of collection: March.

Tribe MINTHOINI

Genus MINTHO Robineau-Desvoidy

Mintho Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 216. Type species: Musca compressa Fabricius, 1787, by subsequent designation of Rondani (1856: 79).

Mintho compressa (Fabricius, 1787)

Musca compressa Fabricius, 1787: 346. Unspecified type(s) (ZMUC). Spain.

Mintho capensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 217. South Africa (Western Cape: Cape of Good Hope).

Tachina isis Wiedemann, 1830: 304. Egypt.

Ocyptera vittata Costa, 1844: 94. Italy (Cervinara and Guagnano).

Sericocera algira Macquart, 1849: 480. Algeria.

Dexia thala Walker, 1849: 845. Morocco (Tangier).

Dexia isapis Walker, 1849: 848. Egypt.

Distribution: AF: Widespread, including D.R. Congo, Eritrea, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Yemen. PA: Algeria, Canary Is., Egypt, Europe, Israel, Libya, Morocco, Transcaucasia, Tunisia.

Egyptian localities. Coastal Strip: Alexandria, Amrya. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash, Ain Shams, Beni Meggon, Cairo, Dokki, El-Baragil, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Giza, Kafr Hakim, Kerdassa, Mansouriya, Maadi, Nahya, Shubra, Sinai: El-Arish. Sinai: El-Arish. Upper Nile Valley: Assiout, Asswan.

Dates of collection. Throughout the year.

Genus PLESINA Meigen

Plesina Meigen, 1838: 214. Type species: Tachina phalerata Meigen, 1824, by monotypy.

Xanthopetia Townsend, 1933: 452. Type species: Tachina fascipennis Wiedemann, 1830, by original designation.

Kugleria Verbeke, 1970: 299 (junior homonym of Kugleria Bouwman, 1938). Type species: Plesina fascipennis claripennis Mesnil, by monotypy.

Plesina claripennis Mesnil, 1953

Plesina claripennis Mesnil, 1953b: 166. Holotype (not located). Israel (Jerusalem).

Distribution: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai.

Dates of collection: ?

Plesina deserticola Kugler, 1978

Plesina deserticola Kugler, 1978a: 93. Holotype male (TAU). Egypt (Sinai: Wadi Shag).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: Wadi Shag (South Sinai).

Dates of collection: ?

Genus ROSSIMYIOPS Mesnil

Rossimyiops Mesnil, 1953a: 145. Type species: Rossimyiops whiteheadi Mesnil, 1953, by monotypy.

Mesnilomyia Kugler, 1972: 103. Type species: Mesnilomyia magnifica Kugler, 1972, by original designation.

Persedea Richter, 2001: 25. Type species: Persedea exquisita Richter, 2001, by original designation.

Rossimyiops achilleae (Kugler, 1972)

Mesnilomyia achilleae Kugler, 1972: 107. Holotype male (TAU). Israel (‘Arad).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: St. Catherine, Wadi El-Arbaein, Wadi Shag.

Dates of collection: July.

Rossimyiops magnificus (Kugler, 1972)

Mesnilomyia magnifica Kugler, 1972: 105. Holotype male (TAU). Israel (‘Arad).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Iraq, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Sinai: Tarfat El-Kadarin, Wadi Nazeb, Wadi Sa’al, Nueiba’.

Dates of collection: April to September.

Tribe SIPHONINI

Genus ACTIA Robineau-Desvoidy

Actia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 85. Type species: Roeselia lamia Meigen, 1838, by designation under the plenary powers of ICZN.

Gymnophthalma Lioy, 1864: 1341. Type species: Tachina crassicornis Meigen, 1824, by monotypy.

Gymnopareia Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1889: 103. Type species: Tachina crassicornis Meigen, 1824, by monotypy.

Actia crassicornis (Meigen, 1824)

Tachina crassicornis Meigen, 1824: 351. Syntypes, males and females (MNHN). Probably Germany (Stolberg). See O’Hara (2009).

Thryptocera bicolor Macquart, 1834: 312. France (Lille).

Thryptocera flavipalpis Macquart, 1848: 135. Switzerland (Ütliberg).

Thryptocera nigripalpis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851: 182. France.

Thryptocera palpalis Rondani, 1859: 14. Italy (Parma).

Thryptocera claripennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 716 France,

Thryptocera scutellaris Rondani, 1865: 195. Italy (Parma).

Distribution: PA: China, Egypt, Europe (all), Japan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Transcaucasia.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Alexandria. Eastern Desert: Ismailia. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Abu Rawash, Dokki, Giza, Kerdassa. Sinai: El-Arish. Upper Nile Valley: Assiout.

Dates of collection: April to September.

Genus PERIBAEA Robineau-Desvoidy

Herbstia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851: 184 (junior homonym of Herbstia Edwards, 1834). Type species: Herbstia tibialis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851, by monotypy.

Peribaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 720. Type species: Peribaea apicalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (= Herbstia tibialis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851), by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 587).

Strobliomyia Townsend, 1926a: 31. Type species: Tryptocera fissicornis Strobl, 1910 (as “Thryptocera fissicornis”) (= Thryptocera setinervis Thomson, 1869), by original designation.

Peribaea orbata (Wiedemann, 1830)

Tachina orbata Wiedemann, 1830: 336. Neotype female (BMNH). India (Assam: Azra).

Gymnopareia (Actia) aegyptia Villeneuve, 1913a: 508. Egypt (Qaliûb).

Actia nigripes Curran, 1927a: 6. D.R. Congo (Bas-Congo: Boma).

Strobliomyia sororcula Mesnil, 1954: 16. D.R. Congo (Nord-Kivu: Rutshuru).

Distribution: AF: Widespread. OR: India, Indonesia, Orien. China [see O’Hara and Cerretti 2016: 19], Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Is., Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand. PA: Japan, Israel, North Africa, P. China. AU: Australia, Melanesia, Micronesia, N. Australasian.

Egyptian localities: Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Giza, Sidi Ghazi, Torah. Upper Nile Valley: Beni Morr (Assiout).

Dates of collection: May to August.

Peribaea palaestina (Villeneuve, 1934)

Actia palaestina Villeneuve, 1934a: 57. Holotype female (SMNS). Israel, (Rehovot [as “Rehoboth”]).

Actia alipes Villeneuve, 1942: 134. Egypt (Asswan [as “Assuan”]).

Distribution: AF: U.A. E., Yemen. PA: C. Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), China, Egypt, Iran, Israel.

Egyptian localities and dates of collection are not precisely known.

Genus SIPHONA Meigen

Crocuta Meigen, 1800: 39. Name suppressed by ICZN.

Siphona Meigen, 1803: 281. Type species: Musca geniculata De Geer, 1776, by designation under the plenary powers of ICZN.

Subgenus SIPHONA Meigen, 1803 —Nominotypical subgenus.

Siphona (Siphona) efflatouni Mesnil, 1960

Siphona efflatouni Mesnil, 1960: 188. Holotype female (CNC). Egypt (Mariout).

Distribution: PA: Egypt, Israel.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Mariout. Sinai: El-Arish.

Dates of collection: March to August.

Tribe TACHININI

Genus PELETERIA Robineau-Desvoidy

Peleteria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 39. Type species: Peleteria abdominalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 586).

Cuphocera Macquart, 1845: 267. Type species: Micropalpus ruficornis Macquart, 1835, by original designation.

Acuphocera Townsend, 1926b: 37. Type species: Acuphocera sumatrensis Townsend, 1926 (= Tachina iavana Wiedemann, 1819), by original designation.

Pleropeleteria Villeneuve, 1916: 470. Type species: Dejeania (Pleropeleteria) peringueyi Villeneuve, 1916 (= Tachina lithanthrax Wiedemann, 1830), by monotypy.

Peletieriana Mesnil, 1970a: 951 (as subgenus of Peleteria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, as “Peletieria”). Type species: Echinomyia rustica Karsch, 1886, by original designation.

Peleteria meridionalis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830)

Faurella meridionalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 41. Type(s) not located. France.

Echinomyia ruficeps Macquart, 1845: 263. Italy.

Peleteria vernalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 617. France (Hyeres).

Peleteria pedemontana Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 619. Italy.

Peleteria algira Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 621. Algeria.

Peletieria capitata Zimin, 1961: 265. Turkmenistan (Chandyr Valley).

Distribution: PA: Algeria, Egypt, Isael, Italy, Kirghizia, Russia, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasia, Uzbekistan.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Alexandria, Mariout. Fayoum: ?. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Kerdassa, Dokki, Maadi. Sinai: El-Arish. Upper Nile Valley: Assiout.

Dates of collection: November to April.

List of doubtful taxa (Nomina Dubia) described from Egypt: (see Herting and Dely-Draskovits 1993)

  • Catabucentes abdominalis Villeneuve, 1934b: 72. Egypt (Lower Egypt).

  • Eurigaster incisus Walker, 1871: 340. Egypt (Hot Tamanib).

  • Eurigaster leucomelas Walker, 1871: 339. Egypt.

  • Frontina latifascia Walker, 1871: 340. Egypt (Wadi Genneh).

  • Reaumuria olivieri Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 82. Egypt.

  • Reaumuria virescens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 741. Egypt.

Conclusion

As a final conclusion, this catalogue treats a total of 72 tachinid species belonging to 42 genera, 15 tribes and 4 subfamilies in Egypt. Synonymies, type localities, type depositories, world distributions by biogeographic realm(s) and country, Egyptian localities and dates of collection are provided for all Egyptian taxa.

Abbreviations

List of abbreviations used throughout the catalogue

C.: 

Central

E.: 

East

Eur.: 

Europe

ICZN: 

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

I., Is.: 

Island, islands

M.: 

Middle

N.: 

North

Ne.: 

Northeast

Nw.: 

Northwest

nr.: 

near

Pal.: 

Palaearctic

S.: 

South

St.: 

Saint

var.: 

Variety

W.: 

West

Museum abbreviations used throughout the catalogue

BMNH: 

Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)], London, United Kingdom

CNC: 

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

EFC: 

Collection of Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt (Efflatoun’s collection)

LSUK: 

Linnaean Collections, The Linnean Society of London, London, United Kingdom

MHNL: 

Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Lille, Lille, France

MNHN: 

Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

MRSN: 

Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino [Turin], Italy

MZF: 

Museo Zoologico “La Specola”, Firenze [Florence], Italy

MZLU: 

Museum of Zoology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

NHMW: 

Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Wien [Vienna], Austria

NHRS: 

Naturhistoriska riksmuseet [Swedish Museum of Natural History], Stockholm, Sweden

NMBA: 

Naturhistorisches Museum der Benediktiner-Abtei Admont, Admont, Austria

PPDD: 

Ministry of Agriculture Collection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

SMF: 

Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

SMNS: 

Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany

TAU: 

Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

USNM: 

National Museum of Natural History [formerly United States National Museum], Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

ZIN: 

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

ZMHB: 

Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

ZMUC: 

Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

ZMUH: 

Universität von Hamburg, Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, Germany

Biogeographic Realm abbreviations used throughout the catalogue

AF: 

Afrotropical

AU: 

Australasian

NE: 

Nearctic

NT: 

Neotropical

OR: 

Oriental

PA: 

Palaearctic

Declarations

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Dr. Amnon Freidberg and Dr. Tatyana Novoselsky, Tel Aviv University, Israel for supplying me with some relevant papers. I am grateful to Dr. Ashraf Al-Torky, Plant Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt, for his help throughout this study.

Funding

No funding.

Availability of data and materials

Data supporting the conclusions of this article are presented in the main manuscript.

Author’s contributions

This is a single author study. The author read and approved the final manuscript.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The author declares that he has no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Authors’ Affiliations

(1)
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

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