Table 1 Biological characteristics of Tetrastichus howardi in pupae and larva of Galleria mellonella

Parasitism (%)

100

100

Emergence (%)

100

100

Progeny

438.56 ± 23.66^a

311.93 ± 18.15^b

Life cycle duration (D)

17.66 ± 0.21^b

20.13 ± 0.16^a

Total no. of male

43.2 ± 2.52^b

53.0 ± 4.63^a

Total no. of female

394.76 ± 22.48^a

259.83 ± 15.00^b

Sex ratio

0.89 ± 0.01^a

0.83 ± 0.01^b

Longevity of females (days)

15.83 ± 0.26^a

13.4 ± 0.35^b

Longevity of males (days)

10.26 ± 0.30^a

8.76 ± 0.45^b

Adults /mg weight

2.75 ± 0.14^a

1.60 ± 0.08^b