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Table 5 Effect of Hyposidra talaca nucleopolyhedrovirus (HytaNPV) on a few biological aspects of non-target beneficial organisms (Stethorus gilvifrons) in the tea environment

From: Hyposidra talaca NPV (HytaNPV): a potential baculovirus for efficient control of the black inch worm, Hyposidra talaca Walker (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a major pest of tea Camellia sinensis (Ericales: Theaceae (L.) O. Kuntze)

Treatment

Concentrations conidia/ml/ha

Larval mortality (%)

Larval period (days)

Pupal period (days)

Adult emergence (%)

HytaNPV

400 ml$

0.00a

8.21 ± 2.02a

4.52 ± 0.11a

98.00a

 

600 ml$

0.00a

8.18 ± 2.02a

4.51 ± 0.11a

97.00a

 

800 ml$

0.00a

8.19 ± 2.02a

4.45 ± 0.12a

98.00a

 

1000 ml$

0.00a

8.23 ± 2.13a

4.50 ± 0.12a

98.00a

Untreated control

0.00a

8.25 ± 2.23a

4.48 ± 0.12a

100.00a

CD (5%)

 

1.51

1.26

14.02

CV (%)

 

5.64

13.61

7.02

  1. Means in a column with similar letters are not statistically different at 5% (DMRT F-Test, p > 0.05). $Containing 1 × 1010 PIBs/ml