Insights into sublethal effects of Metarhizium anisopliae on the biotic potentials of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Life table and reproductive parameters (means ± SE) of Spodoptera frugiperda after exposure to sublethal concentration of Metarhizium anisopliae

Parameters	Control	LC₂₀	LC₃₀	LC₅₀
APOP	2.75 ± 0.13ab	2.67 ± 0.13b	3.07 ± 0.11a	2.79 ± 0.12ab
TPOP	34.6 ± 0.73c	36.9 ± 0.88b	39.8 ± 0.55a	41.1 ± 0.66a
Oviposition days	3.54 ± 0.10a	3.13 ± 0.08b	2.96 ± 0.04c	2.95 ± 0.05c
Fecundity	696.9 ± 15.2a	611.9 ± 20.6b	598.5 ± 18.3b	464.7 ± 14.6c
R₀ (offspring)	325.2 ± 45.2a	305.9 ± 40.9a	269.33 ± 38.9a	147.1 ± 28.2b
r (d⁻¹)	0.156 ± 0.005a	0.146 ± 0.004a	0.131 ± 0.004b	0.114 ± 0.004c
λ (d⁻¹)	0.16 ± 0.006a	1.15 ± 0.005a	1.14 ± 0.004b	1.12 ± 0.005c
T (d)	36.9 ± 0.77b	39.0 ± 0.89b	42.6 ± 0.61a	43.7 ± 0.69a

Means with similar letters are not significantly different (p < 0.05), LC₂₀ = 1.04 × 10³, LC₃₀ = 5.4 × 10⁴ and LC₅₀ = 3.6 × 10⁷, APOP = adult pre-oviposition periods, TPOP = total pre-oviposition periods, T = mean generation time, r = intrinsic rate of increase, λ = finite rate of increase, R₀ = net reproductive rate