Table 1 Occurrence of fungal endophytes in some major crop plants
From: Fungal endophytes of crop plants: diversity, stress tolerance and biocontrol potential
Host and Country | Host tissue | No. of endophyte species | Dominant endophyte(s) genera/species | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rice | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Bhadra River project area, Karnataka, India | Leaves | 14 | Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium chrysogenum | Naik et al. (2009) |
| Â | Roots | 19 | Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium chrysogenum and Sterile form | Â |
Naranwita, Sri Lanka | Leaves, stem, roots and seeds | 41 | Absidia sp., Aspergillus sp. 1, Aspergillus sp. 2, Cylindrocladium sp., Paecilomyces sp. and Penicillium sp. | Atugala and Deshappriya (2015) |
Manipur, India | Leaves, stems and roots | 57 | Fusarium, Sarocladium, Aspergillus and Penicillium | Potshangbam et al. (2017) |
Suphanburi and Chainat Provinces, Thailand | Leaves and roots | 21 | Nigrospora oryzae, Curvularia lunata, Daldinia eschscholtzii and Exserohilum sp. 3 | Su-Han et al. (2019) |
Maize | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Millands field near Newton Abbott, Devon, England | Stem | 23 | Aurebasidium pullulans var. melanigerum, Acremonium strictum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Ustilago sp. | Fisher et al. (1992) |
| Â | Leaves | Â | Alternaria alternata | Â |
SemÃlia Genetics and Breeding LTDA, Campo Largo, Paraná, Brazil | Leaves of maize plant lineages (L1 and L2) | 15 (L1) 12 (L2) | Epicoccum nigrum Gibberella fujikuroi | Szilagyi-Zecchin et al. (2016) |
Bangalore, India | Leaves Stem Root | 10 4 2 | Penicillium sp. Epicoccum sorghinum Fusarium fujikuroi | Renuka and Ramanujam (2016) |
Manipur, India | Leaves, stems and roots | 66 | Fusarium, Sarocladium, Aspergillus and Penicillium | Potshangbam et al. (2017) |
Sugarcane | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira S.A. (CTC), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil | Root | 21 Genera | Fusarium and Penicillium | Romão-Dumaresq et al. (2016) |
Wheat | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Welgevallen Experiment Farm, Stellenbosch, South Africa | Leaves | 55 | Alternaria alternata, Basidiomycete sp. 1, Coniothyrium sp., Epicoccum nigrum, Phoma glomerata and Pleospora herbarum | Crous et al. (1995) |
| Â | Culms | Â | Alternaria alternata, Fusarium avenaceum, Phoma glomerata and Truncatella angustata | Â |
| Â | Roots | Â | Coniothyrium sp., Fusarium avenaceum Phoma glomerata | Â |
Buenos Aires Province, Argentina | Leaves | 19 | Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Epicoccum nigrum and Rhodotorula rubra | Larran et al. (2002) |
Buenos Aires, Argentina | Leaves, stems, glumes and grains | 27 | Alternaria alternata | Larran et al. (2007) |
Israel | Stem and seeds | 67* | Alternaria spp. | Ofek-Lalzar et al. (2016) |