Efficacy of diatomaceous earth, and entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana, and Trichoderma asperellum in combination and separately, against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 3 Mean progeny production (± SE) and mean reduction (%) of Callosobruchus maculatus on chickpea seeds treated with diatomaceous earth (DE), Beauveria bassiana (Bb) and Trichoderma asperellum (Ta), applied individually or in combination at different application rates after 40 days of treatment

Treatment (Concentration, mg/kg or spores/kg)	Progeny production (± SE) after 40 days
Treatment (Concentration, mg/kg or spores/kg)	No of progeny/50 g chickpea	Progeny reduction (%)
Control (0.0)	263.5 ± 26.3 a^a	0.0
DE (200)	132.0 ± 23,6 bc	49.9
DE (400)	90.0 ± 12,9 def	65.8
DE (800)	55.8 ± 23.6 fg	78.8
Bb1 (1 × 10⁴)	59.0 ± 12.9 efg	77.6
Bb2 (1 × 10⁶)	48.7 ± 13.0 g	81.5
Bb3 (1 × 10⁸)	32.7 ± 8.6 g	87.5
Ta1 (1 × 10⁴)	140.7 ± 17.9 b	46.6
Ta2 (1 × 10⁶)	114.0 ± 18.5 bcd	56.7
Ta3 (1 × 10⁸)	95.5 ± 16.8 cde	63.7
DE (200) + Bb3	49.5 ± 13.3 g	81.2
DE (400) + Bb3	38.0 ± 10.0 g	85.5
DE (800) + Bb3	29.2 ± 3.5 g	88.9
DE (200) + Ta3	51.0 ± 4.0 fg	80.6
DE (400) + Ta3	45.5 ± 12.9 g	82.7
DE (800) + Ta3	42.5 ± 11.8 g	83.8
F	58.6
P	< 0.000

^aValues within each column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05)