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Table 1 Biocontrol agent used against Spodoptera litura larvae (4th instar) in bioassay experiment under laboratory, under polyhouse and field conditions

From: Eco-friendly management of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in tomato under polyhouse and field conditions using Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, their associated bacteria (Photorhabdus luminescens), and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (IJs/ml)

Photorhabdus luminescence (CFU/ml)

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (CFU/ml)

Different concentrations used against 4th instar larvae of Spodoptera litura in bioassay experiment under laboratory conditions

20

1 × 102

1 × 102

40

2 × 102

2 × 102

60

3 × 102

3 × 102

80

4 × 102

4 × 102

100

5 × 102

5 × 102

Absolute control

Absolute control

Absolute control

Different concentrations used against S. litura larvae (4th instar) in polyhouse and field conditions

80

2 × 102

2 × 102

100

3 × 102

3 × 102

120

4 × 102

4 × 102

140

5 × 102

5 × 102

Absolute control

Absolute control

Absolute control