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Table 4 Biological parameters of E. formosa on different nymphal instars of T. vaporariorum

From: Biological characteristics and parasitization potential of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on the whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a pest of greenhouse crops in north-western Indian Himalayas

Whitefly instar

Developmental duration (days) of the parasitoid stage

Egg–larval

Pupal

Egg to emergence

Mean ± SE

Range

Mean ± SE

Range

Mean ± SE

Range

II

14.0 ± 0.6a

12–16

19.3 ± 0.5a

19–20

33.2 ± 0.8a

31–36

III

10.9 ± 0.4b

10–15

19.8 ± 0.4a

18–19

30.7 ± 0.3b

29–33

IV

10.3 ± 0.4c

9–15

19.6 ± 0.7a

18–19

29.9 ± 0.4c

28–33

LSD(P=0.05)

0.54

 

NS

 

0.65

 

F2, 14

124.08

 

1.60

 

68.44

 

P value

< 0.001

 

0.237

 

< 0.001

 
  1. Mean values within the columns bearing the same letters are not significantly different-LSD (P = 0.05)