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Table 3 Changes in growth pattern of larvae, pupae and adults of four Lepidopteran pests (data presented as number of days required to transform to next instar)

From: Alternaria alternata strain VLH1: a potential entomopathogenic fungus native to North Western Indian Himalayas

Target insects

Larval period (in days)

Pupal period (in days)

Adult longevity (in days)

Treated

Control

Treated

Control

Treated

Control

Helicoverpa armigera

11.57 ± 0.30

16.42 ± 0.37*

13.14 ± 0.69*

6.57 ± 0.75

2.85 ± 0.34

6.57 ± 0.43*

Spodoptera litura

13.42 ± 0.48

18.14 ± 0.26*

12.14 ± 2.21*

7.14 ± 0.90

2.14 ± 0.51

7.29 ± 0.42*

Spilarctia obliqua

17.71 ± 0.68

19.29 ± 0.52

7.71 ± 0.69

7.57 ± 0.50

5.71 ± 0.29

6.14 ± 0.51

Galleria mellonella

8.86 ± 0.99

17.95 ± 0.72*

11.43 ± 2.72*

7.43 ± 0.96

2.14 ± 0.77

5.14 ± 0.40*

  1. *Indicates the significant difference in number of days required to complete one instar, calculated by Student’s T test at 1% level of significance (mean ± SD values are presented in the table)