Age and stage-specific life table parameters of Harmonia dimidiata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) at different temperatures

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 1 Stage-specific life table of H. dimidiata on R. padi at 16 ± 1 °C

Stage X	l_x	d_x	l_x	100q_x	S_x	T_x	MSR	IM	Log l_x	e_x	k-values
Egg	100	22	89.0	22	0.78	442	0.30	13.65	2	4.42	0.108
1st instar	78	11	72.5	14.1	0.86	353	0.18	7.98	1.89	4.53	0.066
2nd instar	67	10	62	14.93	0.85	280.5	0.19	8.33	1.83	4.19	0.071
3rd instar	57	6	54	10.53	0.89	218.5	0.12	5.45	1.76	3.83	0.048
4th instar	51	3	49.5	5.88	0.94	164.5	0.06	2.87	1.71	3.23	0.026
Pre-pupa	48	2	47	4.17	0.96	115	0.04	1.98	1.68	2.40	0.019
Pupa	46	1	45.5	2.17	0.98	68	0.04	2.0	1.66	1.48	0.009
Adult	45	45	22.5						1.65		K = 0.347