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Table 5 Effect of two Trichoderma and Aspergillus species isolates and Bacillus subtilis on the severity of decline disease and seedlings growth three months after the inoculation on peach seedlings ‘Garnem’

From: In vitro and in planta potential effect of some indigenous antagonists against Fusarium and pythiaceous species associated with peach seedlings decline

 

Fusarium oxysporum

Fusarium solani

Phytophthora citrophthora

Pythium ultimum

P value***

Sanitary state

A5

2.67 ± 0.58a*A*

3.67 ± 0.58abA

3.33 ± 0.58cA

3.33 ± 0.58aA

≥ 0.05

A10

2.00 ± 1.00aA

3.33 ± 1.53abA

3.67 ± 0.58cA

2.67 ± 0.58abA

≥ 0.05

T9

1.33 ± 0.58aA

1.67 ± 0.58aA

2.00 ± 0.00abA

2.33 ± 0.58abA

≥ 0.05

T10

3.67 ± 0.58aA

4.00 ± 0.00bA

3.33 ± 0.58cA

3.33 ± 0.58aA

≥ 0.05

B

1.67 ± 1.15aA

2.00 ± 0.00abA

1.33 ± 0.58aA

1.00 ± 0.00cA

≥ 0.05

T9 + T10

3.33 ± 1.53aA

3.33 ± 0.58abA

3.67 ± 0.58cA

3.00 ± 0.00abA

≥ 0.05

A5 + A10

2.67 ± 0.58aAB

3.67 ± 0.58abB

3.00 ± 0.00bcAB

2.33 ± 0.58abA

0.055

B + T10

1.33 ± 0.58a

2.33 ± 0.58ab

2.33 ± 0.58abc

2.67 ± 0.58ab

≥ 0.05

NIC

1.67 ± 0.58a

1.67 ± 0.58a

1.67 ± 0.58a

1.67 ± 0.58ab

nd

IC

1.67 ± 0.58a

2.00 ± 1.00ab

2.33 ± 0.58abc

2.67 ± 0.58ab

nd

P value

≥ 0.05

≤ 0.05

≤ 0.001

≤ 0.001

 

Root browning

A5

2.33 ± 0.58aA

2.33 ± 0.58bA

2.33 ± 0.58bA

2.33 ± 0.58abA

≥ 0.05

A10

2.67 ± 0.58aA

2.33 ± 0.58bA

2.67 ± 0.58bA

2.33 ± 0.58abA

≥ 0.05

T9

1.67 ± 0.58aB

0.33 ± 0.58aA

2.00 ± 0.00bB

1.67 ± 0.58abB

0.015

T10

2.33 ± 0.58aA

2.33 ± 0.58bA

1.33 ± 0.58abA

2.67 ± 0.58aA

≥ 0.05

B

1.33 ± 0.58aA

1.33 ± 0.58abA

0.33 ± 0.58aA

1.00 ± 0.00bA

≥ 0.05

T9 + T10

2.33 ± 0.58aA

1.00 ± 1.00abA

2.33 ± 0.58bA

2.67 ± 0.58aA

≥ 0.05

A5 + A10

1.67 ± 0.58aA

1.33 ± 0.58abA

2.67 ± 0.58bA

1.67 ± 0.58abA

≥ 0.05

B + T10

1.67 ± 0.58aA

2.33 ± 0.58bA

1.67 ± 0.58abA

2.00 ± 0.00abA

≥ 0.05

NIC

1.33 ± 0.58a

1.33 ± 0.58ab

1.33 ± 0.58ab

1.33 ± 0.58ab

nd

IC

3.00 ± 1.00a

2.67 ± 0.58b

3.00 ± 1.00b

2.67 ± 0.58a

nd

P value

 ≥ 0.05

 ≤ 0.05

 ≤ 0.001

0.005

 

Height (cm)

A5

54.67 ± 5.97aA

57.50 ± 6.38aA

59.00 ± 0.50ab A

60.67 ± 6.25abA

≥ 0.05

A10

59.83 ± 8.35aA

64.67 ± 4.37aA

53.17 ± 10.20aA

87.67 ± 10.50cA

≥ 0.05

T9

73.67 ± 7.87aA

61.83 ± 8.74aA

73.83 ± 4.25bA

64.83 ± 1.26abA

≥ 0.05

T10

47.90 ± 9.84aA

53.00 ± 7.00aA

73.67 ± 4.75bB

59.00 ± 9.00abA

0.016

B

71.33 ± 5.74aAB

65.00 ± 9.00aAB

56.33 ± 3.75abA

82.07 ± 7.40bcB

0.06

T9 + T10

52.83 ± 4.83aA

62.67 ± 5.35aA

55.17 ± 3.06abA

57.50 ± 6.50abA

≥ 0.05

A5 + A10

71.67 ± 6.48aA

56.50 ± 2.00aA

62.50 ± 10.00abA

70.57 ± 13.10abcA

≥ 0.05

B + T10

68.00 ± 4.84aA

65.67 ± 9.29aA

68.00 ± 3.50abA

60.67 ± 13.50abA

≥ 0.05

NIC

64.07 ± 0.40a

62.40 ± 2.26a

62.40 ± 2.26ab

62.40 ± 2.26ab

nd

IC

63.17 ± 1.15a

55.00 ± 10.11a

54.17 ± 14.63ab

46.00 ± 16.39a

nd

P value

 ≥ 0.05

 ≥ 0.05

 ≤ 0.05

0.002

 

Root weight (g)

A5

2.68 ± 0.55aA

2.64 ± 1.38aA

3.83 ± 0.53aA

2.85 ± 0.03bA

≥ 0.05

A10

4.47 ± 2.98aA

3.02 ± 1.21aA

3.07 ± 0.51aA

6.96 ± 1.81abA

≥ 0.05

T9

5.42 ± 0.84aA

6.49 ± 1.84bA

4.70 ± 0.97aA

5.12 ± 0.17abA

≥ 0.05

T10

2.93 ± 1.63aA

1.98 ± 0.49aA

3.58 ± 1.18aA

3.11 ± 0.99bA

≥ 0.05

B

3.73 ± 1.30aA

4.30 ± 0.91abA

4.97 ± 0.39aAB

7.56 ± 2.23aB

0.040

T9 + T10

3.12 ± 1.41aA

3.82 ± 0.62abA

2.74 ± 1.00aA

4.24 ± 0.90abA

≥ 0.05

A5 + A10

4.71 ± 0.93aA

3.69 ± 0.68abA

4.55 ± 1.54aA

5.22 ± 1.29abA

≥ 0.05

B + T10

3.82 ± 0.60aA

4.47 ± 1.38abA

3.37 ± 0.31aA

3.56 ± 1.19abA

≥ 0.05

NIC

4.79 ± 0.37a

4.79 ± 0.37ab

4.79 ± 0.37a

4.79 ± 0.37ab

nd

IC

3.63 ± 0.78a

4.50 ± 0.55ab

2.84 ± 1.04a

3.73 ± 3.00ab

nd

P value

≥ 0.05

≤ 0.05

≥ 0.05

0.012

 
  1. *Means ± standard error in the column for each parameter (root browning index, sanitary state index, height and root weight) followed by the same lowercase letter were not significantly different according to SNK test at P ≤ 0.05
  2. **Means ± standard error in a row followed by the same capital letter were not significantly different according to SNK test at P ≤ 0.05
  3. ***Probabilities associated with individual F tests; Nd: not determined; NIC: uninoculated control; IC: inoculated control; A5: Aspergillus candidus; A10: A. niger; T9, T10: Trichoderma harzianum isolates; B: B. subtilis