Efficacy of biopesticide Protecto (Bacillus thuringiensis) (BT) on certain biochemical activities and histological structures of land snail Monacha cartusiana (Muller, 1774)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis on some biochemical parameters of land snail Monacha cartusiana exposed to LC₂₀ and LC₄₀ at 96 h after interval periods of exposure

Biochemical parameters	Sub lethal Concentrations (IU/mg)	Exposure period
		24 h			48 h			72 h
		Control	Mean	Change %	Control	Mean	Change %	Control	Mean	Change %
ALP (U/I)	6.72 × 10⁶	38.48 ± 1.61	40.38 ± 1.28	(+ 4.94%)¹	38.08 ± 1.18	48.38 ± 0.82^aA	(+ 27.05%)¹	38.28 ± 0.66	51.5 ± 0.82^aA	(+ 34.5%)¹
ALP (U/I)	17.28 × 10⁶	38.48 ± 1.61	55.02 ± 1.98^ab	(+ 42.98%)¹	38.08 ± 1.18	56.5 ± 1.42	(+ 48.37%)¹	38.28 ± 0.66	66.4 ± 1.81^abAB	(+ 73.46%)¹
ALT (U/I)	6.72 × 10⁶	63.1 ± 0.97	72.4 ± 1.5^a	(+ 14.7%)¹	63.5 ± 0.63	84.0 ± 1.3^aA	(+ 32.3%)¹	64.3 ± 0.61	112.9 ± 2.0^aAB	(+ 75.6%)¹
ALT (U/I)	17.28 × 10⁶	63.1 ± 0.97	84.3 ± 1.5^ab	(+ 33.6%)¹	63.5 ± 0.63	97.7 ± 0.91^abA	(+ 53.9%)¹	64.3 ± 0.61	118.6 ± 1.9^abAB	(+ 84.4%)¹
AST (U/I)	6.72 × 10⁶	603.3 ± 1.80	616.2 ± 6.32	(+ 2.1%)¹	604.7 ± 1.66	626.1 ± 4.05^a	(+ 3.5%)¹	603.3 ± 1.28	738.6 ± 5.42^aAB	(+ 22.4%)¹
AST (U/I)	17.28 × 10⁶	603.3 ± 1.80	684.1 ± 4.12^ab	(+ 13.4%)¹	604.7 ± 1.66	787.0 ± 6.93^abA	(+ 30.1%)¹	603.3 ± 1.28	871.8 ± 6.15^abAB	(+ 44.5%)¹
TP (mg/dl)	6.7 × 10⁶	1.16 ± 0.067	0.77 ± 0.018^a	(− 33.62%)¹	1.16 ± 0.040	0.75 ± 0.041^a	(− 35.34%)¹	1.14 ± 0.051	0.62 ± 0.058^a	(− 45.61%)¹
TP (mg/dl)	17.28 × 10⁶	1.16 ± 0.067	0.59 ± 0.026^ab	(− 49.13%)¹	1.16 ± 0.040	0.38 ± 0.019^abA	(− 67.24%)¹	1.14 ± 0.051	0.35 ± 0.024^abA	(− 69.30%)¹

Data are represented as a mean ± SE
a, b: In the same column, the significant difference of enzyme activity at LC₂₀ (6.72 × 10⁶ IU/mg) and LC40 (17.28 × 10⁶ IU/mg) in comparison to the corresponding control
¹In the column, percentage of change in relation to control
A, B: In the same row, the significant difference compared to the pathogenic time 24 and 48 h of the experimental periods at α = 0.05 (P < 0.05)
Percentage of change in enzyme acticity % = \(\frac{{ {\text{level}}\;{\text{ of}}\;{\text{ enzyme }}\;{\text{activity}}\;{\text{ in}}\;{\text{ treated }}\;{\text{snail}} - {\text{level}}\;{\text{ of}}\;{\text{ enzyme}}\;{\text{ activity}}\;{\text{ in}}\;{\text{ control}}\;{\text{ snail}}}}{{{\text{level }}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{ enzyme }}\;{\text{activity}}\;{\text{ in }}\;{\text{control }}\;{\text{snail}}}} \times 100\)