Biological control and field evaluation of the predatory mite, Typhlodromus setubali Dosse (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in apple orchards

Ouassat, Said; Allam, Latifa

doi:10.1186/s41938-022-00524-8

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Mean numbers per leaf (± SE) of P. ulmi motile stages recorded every week at different release rates of T. setubali on two apple varieties

From: Biological control and field evaluation of the predatory mite, Typhlodromus setubali Dosse (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in apple orchards

DAR	Variety	T/0	T/50	T/100	T/200	F	df	P
0	Skarlet	6 ± 1.58 Ab	7.17 ± 1.77 Ab	6.66 ± 0.95 Ab	5.98 ± 0.84 Ab	0.863	3, 19	0.480
	Golden delicious	11 ± 1.36 Aa	11.40 ± 2.07 Aa	12.20 ± 2.28 Aa	12.40 ± 2.60 Aa	0.465	3, 19	0.711
	t/z/U	1.960	2.306	0.00001	0.0001
	P	< 0.0001***	0.010*	0.011**	0.012*
7	Skarlet	8 ± 1.87 Ab	5.92 ± 1.01 ABb	5.38 ± 0.90 Ba	4.04 ± 0.88 Ba	8.825	3, 19	0.0011**
	Golden delicious	15 ± 1.67 Aa	7.40 ± 0.89 Ba	6.40 ± 0.54 Ba	4.20 ± 0.44 Ca	91.819	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	t/z/U	1.960	1.960	2.306	2.306
	P	< 0.0001***	0.014*	0.064	0.728
14	Skarlet	14 ± 1.58 Aa	4.92 ± 0.52 Ba	3.74 ± 0.61 BCa	2.34 ± 0.73 Ca	151.205	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	Golden delicious	15 ± 1.29 Aa	5.80 ± 0.83 Ba	3.00 ± 1.41 Ca	1.40 ± 0.54 Ca	134.352	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	t/z/U	1.960	2.306	1.960	2.306
	P	0.317	0.082	0.282	0.050
21	Skarlet	17 ± 2.12 Aa	6.28 ± 1.80 Ba	3.06 ± 1.37 Ca	1.29 ± 0.63 Ca	98.598	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	Golden delicious	18 ± 1.55 Aa	4.80 ± 0.83 Ba	2.20 ± 1.64 Ca	1.18 ± 0.46 Ca	198.434	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	t/z/U	1.990	1.960	0.897	0.332
	P	0.398	0.091	0.396	0.749
28	Skarlet	15 ± 1.81 Aa	5.64 ± 1.07 Bb	2.06 ± 0.61 Ca	1.21 ± 0.29 Ca	155.690	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	Golden delicious	14 ± 2.34 Aa	7.40 ± 0.89 Ba	3.20 ± 1.09 Ca	1.04 ± 0.08 Ca	86.778	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	t/z/U	1.960	1.960	2.306	1.251
	P	0.456	0.005**	0.079	0.246
35	Skarlet	15 ± 2.91 Aa	5.26 ± 2.23 Ba	3.78 ± 1.71 Ba	1.61 ± 0.46 Ba	42.082	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	Golden delicious	15 ± 3.16 Aa	4.74 ± 0.91 Ba	2.66 ± 1.01 Ba	1.80 ± 0.83 Ba	59.087	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	t/z/U	1.930	0.481	1.258	1.960
	P	0.996	0.643	0.244	0.641
42	Skarlet	15 ± 1.89 Aa	4.92 ± 2.15 Ba	2.38 ± 1.53 BCa	1.74 ± 0.53 Ca	70.389	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	Golden delicious	16 ± 1.58 Aa	4.20 ± 1.09 Ba	1.60 ± 0.54 BCa	0.86 ± 0.57 Ca	202.220	3, 19	< 0.0001***
	t/z/U	1.850	0.667	1.071	1.826
	P	0.361	0.524	0.284	0.105

Means within rows followed by the same capital letter are not significantly different, according to Tukey's test at α = 0.05, whereas the means within columns followed by the same small letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05) according to Student t/test (Values in bold font), or Mann–Whitney test (Values in normal font)
T/0: Control; T/50: one release of T. setubali at the rate of 50/tree; T/100: one release of T. setubali at the rate of 100/tree; T/200: one release of T. setubali at the rate of 200/tree
^* P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001

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