Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Mortality percentage of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus populations treated with Bt-k (70 µg g⁻¹), Beauveria bassiana (1 × 10⁷ conidia ml⁻¹) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (300 IJs ml⁻¹) applied alone or in combination after 7 days of exposure

From: Biocontrol potential of entomopathogenic fungi, nematodes and bacteria against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier)

Stage	Treatments	Motility%
Stage	Treatments	Layyah	D.G. Khan	Muzaffargarh	R.Y. Khan	F	P
Larvae	Bt-k	9.47 ± 0.78e	6.47 ± 0.55d	6.08 ± 0.78d	7.93 ± 0.71e	0.38	0.77
	Bb	13.48 ± 1.18de	10.47 ± 1.12 cd	8.39 ± 1.01 cd	11.68 ± 1.16de	0.30	0.82
	EPN	25.57 ± 1.39 cd	21.57 ± 1.38bc	19.58 ± 1.17bc	23.45 ± 1.13 cd	0.62	0.60
	Bt-k + Bb	32.28 ± 1.61bc	28.36 ± 1.46ab	25.06 ± 1.30b	30.17 ± 1.65bc	1.28	0.29
	Bt-k + EPN	45.37 ± 2.15ab	33.73 ± 1.50ab	28.08 ± 1.57ab	42.11 ± 2.36ab	6.46	≤ 0.05
	Bb + EPN	51.68 ± 2.34a	42.19 ± 2.51a	39.40 ± 2.14a	46.82 ± 2.54a	2.05	0.12
	F	24.8	30.5	18.8	14.4	–	–
	P	≤ 0.05	≤ 0.05	≤ 0.05	≤ 0.05	–	–
Adults	Bt-k	6.54 ± 0.70d	4.69 ± 0.49d	4.02 ± 0.53c	5.46 ± 0.74d	0.24	0.87
	Bb	10.46 ± 1.12d	8.41 ± 0.87 cd	7.56 ± 1.04bc	9.29 ± 1.09 cd	0.16	0.92
	EPN	19.18 ± 1.24 cd	14.90 ± 1.01bcd	13.22 ± 1.35bc	16.51 ± 1.21 cd	0.72	0.54
	Bt-k + Bb	24.70 ± 1.65bc	21.24 ± 1.96abc	19.69 ± 1.56ab	22.06 ± 1.56bc	0.31	0.81
	Bt-k + EPN	35.41 ± 2.35ab	28.84 ± 2.11ab	27.09 ± 1.75b	31.52 ± 2.13ab	0.90	0.45
	Bb + EPN	39.73 ± 2.09a	32.37 ± 2.03a	30.89 ± 2.05a	36.08 ± 2.45a	1.38	0.26
	F	19.2	8.90	12.4	14.4	–	–
	P	≤ 0.05	≤ 0.05	≤ 0.05	≤ 0.05	–	–

Mortality% followed by the same letter within each treatment and insect populations are not significantly different; HSD test P ≤ 0.05 (Bt-k: Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, Bb: Beauveria bassiana, EPN: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora)

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