Beauveria bassiana: as a potential microbial biocontrol agent for tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Dooars and Darjeeling, India

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Bio-efficacy of BKN20 5%AS in controlling shoot damage of tea plants from TMB in large-scale field study

Treatments	Concentration (ha)	Darjeeling		Dooars
Treatments	Concentration (ha)	Pre-spray Shoot damage incidence (%)^#	Shoot damage reduction (%)^#	Pre-spray Shoot damage incidence (%)^#	Shoot damage reduction (%)^#
BKN20 5%AS	600 ml^$	23.1	66.4^b	27.3	69.3^b
	800 ml^$	21.5	68.9^b	27.0	73.0^bc
	1000 ml^$	21.3	79.8^a	26.6	79.4^a
	1200 ml^$	20.9	81.6^a	28.0	81.9^a
Beauveria bassiana 1.15%WP*	2500 g	23.1	62.5^c	28.5	66.6^b
Thiamethoxam 25%WG	120 g	20.4	66.7^b	28.5	70.1^b
F value	–	8.4	9.5	10.2	12.3
p value		< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001

^#Pre-spray shoot damage incidence (%) and shoot damage reduction (%) values for each location are the mean of two consecutive seasons
^$Containing 2 × 10⁷ conidia/ml, Pre-spray shoot damage incidence (%) are the mean of three replications ± SE of leaf plucking before treatments and shoot damage reduction (%) are the mean of three replications ± SE obtained from four rounds of leaf plucking after treatments at weekly interval for each season. Values in the same column with different superscript are significantly different with each other at p < 0.05 by Tukey’s post-hoc Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test
*Market product