Management of the grape mealy bug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), using entomopathogenic fungi and botanical oils: a laboratory study

Gopal, Gurav Shrishail; Venkateshalu, Balaiah; Nadaf, A. M.; Guru, P. N.; Pattepur, Sateesh

doi:10.1186/s41938-021-00444-z

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 3 Efficacy of botanical oils against Maconellicoccus hirsutus under laboratory condition

From: Management of the grape mealy bug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), using entomopathogenic fungi and botanical oils: a laboratory study

Treatment	Treatment details	Mortality of nymphs (%)
Treatment	Treatment details	3DAT	5DAT	7DAT	9DAT	11DAT	15DAT
T1	Azadirachtin 10,000ppm at 1ml/l	44.79^e (41.99)	54.38^e (47.49)	73.96^cd (59.32)	76.04^c (60.68)	79.17^d (62.86)	82.92^f (65.61)
T2	Neem oil at 10 ml/l	56.46^bcd (48.69)	67.92^bc (55.49)	76.88^bc (61.31)	85.00^b (67.31)	92.92^b (74.59)	94.17^cd (76.12)
T3	Neem oil at 15 ml/l	60.00^b (50.76)	71.46^b (57.72)	78.13^bc (62.15)	87.92^b (69.74)	93.96^b (75.82)	96.67^b (79.97)
T4	IIHR neem soap at 10g/l	55.00^cd (47.85)	62.09^d (51.98)	80.42^b (63.79)	86.05^b (68.12)	90.21^c (71.81)	92.30^de (73.93)
T5	Pongamia oil at 10 ml/l	15.84^h (23.42)	23.55^h (29.00)	31.88^g (34.33)	40.42^f (39.46)	46.88^g (43.19)	52.09ⁱ (46.18)
T6	Pongamia oil at 15 ml/l	20.63^g (26.96)	24.79^h (29.82)	32.71^g (34.86)	39.79^f (39.09)	48.54^g (44.15)	53.34ⁱ (46.89)
T7	Neem oil at 5 ml /l + Pongamia oil at 5 ml/l	54.17^d (47.37)	66.88^bcd (54.86)	70.00^d (56.86)	73.34^c (58.98)	81.67^d (64.63)	90.84^e (72.39)
T8	Neem oil at 10 ml /l + Pongamia oil at 10 ml/l	59.17^bc (50.27)	69.38^bc (56.44)	75.83^bcd (60.55)	86.25^b (68.28)	91.88^bc (73.46)	95.42^bc (77.92)
T9	FORS at 5 ml /l	30.00^f (33.18)	32.50^g (34.74)	39.80^f (39.09)	49.17^e (44.51)	55.00^f (47.85)	59.79^h (50.63)
T10	FORS at 10 ml /l	51.67^cd (48.09)	55.42^e (48.09)	61.25^e (51.49)	64.38^d (53.38)	72.09^e (58.11)	75.42^g (60.26)
T11	FORSat 15 ml /l	42.29^e (40.55)	42.71^f (40.79)	63.55^e (52.84)	67.08^d (54.98)	71.46^e (57.70)	77.30^g (61.52)
T12	Neem oil + pongamia oil + FORS at 5 ml /l each	53.13^d (46.77)	65.42^cd (53.96)	72.92^cd (58.67)	77.71^c (61.83)	78.96^d (62.70)	84.79^f (67.03)
T13	Imidacloprid 17.8SL at 0.25ml/l	71.67^a (57.84)	82.29^a (65.13)	91.88^a (73.46)	95.84^a (78.25)	97.29^a (80.71)	99.17^a (84.80)
T14	Water + wetting agent at 0.25ml/l each	1.25ⁱ (6.42)	1.67ⁱ (7.39)	1.88^h (7.87)	2.29^g (8.68)	2.92^h (9.82)	3.75^j (11.16)
T15	Water alone	0.00^j (0.00)	1.04ⁱ (5.79)	1.25^h (6.42)	1.25^g (6.42)	1.46ⁱ (6.90)	1.88^k (7.87)
T16	Untreated control	0.00^j (0.00)	0.00^j (0.00)	0.00ⁱ (0.00)	0.00^h (0.00)	0.00^j (0.00)	0.00^l (0.00)

Note: Twenty mealybug nymphs per sprout were released and considered as pre-treatment count (20 × 8 × 3 = 480 mealybugs per treatment). Figures in the parentheses are arcsine transformed values; the mean values with the same alphabetical superscripts are statistically non-significant as per DMRT
DAT days after treatment, FORS Fish Oil Rosin Soap

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