Management of the grape mealy bug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), using entomopathogenic fungi and botanical oils: a laboratory study

Gopal, Gurav Shrishail; Venkateshalu, Balaiah; Nadaf, A. M.; Guru, P. N.; Pattepur, Sateesh

doi:10.1186/s41938-021-00444-z

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against Maconellicoccus hirsutus under laboratory condition

From: Management of the grape mealy bug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), using entomopathogenic fungi and botanical oils: a laboratory study

Treatment	Treatment details	Cumulative mortality of nymphs (%)
Treatment	Treatment details	3DAT	5DAT	7DAT	9DAT	11DAT	15DAT
T1	Lecanicillium lecanii at 2g/l	10.00^e (18.42)	16.46^e (23.90)	32.09^e (34.48)	46.88^e (43.19)	57.92^d (49.54)	67.08^e (54.97)
T2	L. lecanii at 4g/l	12.92^d (21.05)	27.09^c (31.33)	45.00^c (42.11)	58.13^d (49.66)	73.96^c (59.30)	83.96^c (66.38)
T3	L. lecanii at 6g/l	17.50^c (24.71)	28.75^c (32.41)	47.08^c (43.31)	63.34^c (52.72)	70.84^c (57.31)	82.30^c (65.11)
T4	Beauveria bassiana at 2g/l	4.79^g (12.57)	13.13^f (21.17)	17.50^g (24.69)	32.09^g (34.48)	35.63^f (36.62)	42.71^g (40.79)
T5	B. bassiana at 4g/l	5.84^g (13.96)	12.92^f (21.01)	25.42^f (30.25)	37.09^f (37.50)	46.67^e (43.07)	55.42^f (48.09)
T6	B. bassiana at 6g/l	7.92^f (16.33)	13.54^ef (21.54)	27.29^f (31.47)	35.84^f (36.75)	44.59^e (41.87)	56.67^f (48.81)
T7	B. bassiana + L. lecanii at 2g/l each	11.88^de (20.13)	20.21^d (26.66)	40.00^d (39.21)	54.79^d (47.73)	60.00^d (50.75)	75.63^d (60.42)
T8	B. bassiana + L. lecanii at 4g/l each	18.96^bc (25.76)	33.75^b (35.49)	48.13^c (43.91)	68.75^b (55.99)	79.17^b (62.86)	88.96^b (70.64)
T9	B. bassiana + L. lecanii at 6g/l each	20.42^b (26.84)	35.00^b (36.25)	52.71^b (46.53)	66.25^bc (54.46)	81.25^b (64.33)	90.21^b (71.77)
T10	Imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 0.25ml/l	70.42^a (57.04)	81.67^a (64.64)	89.17^a (70.79)	92.08^a (73.70)	95.21^a (77.37)	97.08^a (80.49)
T11	Wetting agent + water at 0.25ml/l	1.04^h (5.79)	1.46^g (6.90)	1.67^h (7.39)	2.09^h (8.28)	2.92^g (9.82)	3.54^h (10.83)
T12	Water alone	0.00ⁱ (0.00)	1.04^g (5.79)	1.25^h (6.42)	1.25^h (6.42)	1.46^h (6.90)	1.67ⁱ (7.39)
T13	Untreated control	0.00ⁱ (0.00)	0.00^h (0.00)	0.00ⁱ (0.00)	0.00ⁱ (0.00)	0.00ⁱ (0.00)	0.00^j (0.00)

Note: Twenty mealybug nymphs per sprout were released and considered as pre-treatment count (20 × 8 × 3 = 480 mealybugs per treatment). Figures in the parentheses are arcsine transformed values; the mean values with the same alphabetical superscripts are statistically non-significant as per DMRT
DAT days after treatment

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