Table 4 Some botanicals and entomopathogenic nematode combinations
From: Botanical biopesticide combination concept—a viable option for pest management in organic farming
Combination | Pest targeted | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
P. pinnata (0.75 mL/L) + H. indica (1.5 lakh IJs/L) | H. armigera | 36.92% larval reduction (insecticide − 41.08%) | Prabhuraj et al. (2005) |
NSK (0.6%) + S. feltiae (800 IJs) | 3rd instar larvae of Bactrocera zonata | 76% mortality with the highest level of synergism | Mahmoud (2007) |
NeemAzal T 5% (1.25%) + S. feltiae (100 IJs) | 3rd instar larvae of Bactrocera zonata | 100% mortality with a significant level of synergism | Mahmoud (2007) |
M.anisopliae+ NeemAzal-T + S. carpocapsae | Frankliniella occidentalis on French bean | 32.7% deviation from additivity and showed a high level of synergism | Otieno et al. (2017) |