Table 1 Few botanicals and entomopathogenic bacteria combinations
From: Botanical biopesticide combination concept—a viable option for pest management in organic farming
Combination | Pest targeted | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
Bt (0.5%) + NSKE (5%) (sequential application within 2 days) Bt (0.25%) + NSKE (2%) (sequential application within 2 days) | A. janata on castor | 99.36% decrease in larval population after 5 days of sprays and showed the highest yield of 366.53 kg/ha 99.58% decrease in larval population after 5 days of spray with a yield of 296 kg/ha | Devi et al. (1996) |
Bt (Delfin) (0.1%) + palmarosa oil (0.5%) | S. litura | 96.29% mortality | Venkadasubramanian and David (1999) |
H. armigera | 96.48% mortality | ||
D. stramonium seed extract fortified with Btk | S. litura | Highest mean larval mortality − 74.70% | Rajguru et al. (2011) |
Btk (0.044%) + Azadirachtin (0.031%) | Spilarctia obliqua (in laboratory conditions) | 70% mortality observed | Bandyopadhyay et al. (2014) |
B. thuringiensis (BLB250) delta-endotoxins + R. tingitanus hexane extract (RtHexF) at 5 mg g−1 | S. littoralis | 100% larval mortality of 1st and 2nd instar larvae | Mhalla et al. (2018) |