Table 2 Mean developmental duration (mean ± S.E.) of A. asychis, A. ervi, and D. rapae on different nymphal instars of M. persicae

I

6.80 ± 1.04^a (6–8)

7.80 ± 0.56^a (7–8)

14.60 ± 1.11^a (14–16)

15.20 ± 0.56^a (15–16)

14.40 ± 0.68^a (14–15)

29.60 ± 0.68^a (29–30)

7.20 ± 1.04^a (6–8)

8.00 ± 0.88^a (7–9)

15.20 ± 1.36^a (13–16)

II

6.60 ± 0.68^ab (5–7)

5.00 ± 0.88^b (4–6)

11.60 ± 1.89^b (10–13)

15.00 ± 0.88^a (15–16)

13.80 ± 1.04^ab (13–15)

28.80 ± 1.04^a (28–30)

6.60 ± 0.68^ab (5–7)

6.60 ± 0.68^b (6–8)

13.20 ± 1.04^b (13–14)

III

5.80 ± 1.04^bc (5–6)

4.80 ± 1.04^b (4–6)

10.60 ± 0.68^b (9–12)

13.40 ± 0.68^b (13–15)

13.40 ± 0.68^b (13–14)

26.80 ± 1.04^b (26–29)

6.00 ± 0.88^bc (5–6)

5.60 ± 0.68^c (5–7)

11.40 ± 0.68^c (11–12)

IV

5.60 ± 0.68^c (5–6)

4.60 ± 0.68^b (4–5)

10.40 ± 0.68^b (9–11)

12.20 ± 0.56^c (12–13)

12.00 ± 0.88^c (11–13)

24.20 ± 1.04^c (24–25)

5.60 ± 0.68^c (5–6)

4.60 ± 1.11^d (4–5)

10.20 ± 1.36^c (9–11)

LSD (p = 0.05)

0.95

0.87

1.29

0.73

0.90

1.04

0.90

0.92

1.24

F_{3, 16}

3.47

26.78

20.32

33.50

11.56

48.31

5.44

22.18

28.00

p value

0.041

< 0.00001

0.000011

< 0.00001

0.000337

< 0.00001

0.009

< 0.00001

< 0.00001