Evaluating the impact of jatropha oil extract against the Varroa mite, Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman (Arachnida: Acari: Varroidae), infesting honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera L.)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Effect of different concentrations of the jatropha oil on the mean number of dead Varroa mites and adult bee fallen on the sheet

Treatment	Concentrations	No. of Varroa mites				No. of dead bees
		24 h	48 h	15 days	Total	24 h	48 h	15 days	Total
Before treatment	1%	7.75 a	–	–	7.75	0.0	–	–	0.0
	2%	10 a	–	–	10	0.0	–	–	0.0
	5%	11.75 a	–	–	11.75	0.0	–	–	0.0
	10%	8.75 a	–	–	8.75	0.0	–	–	0.0
	Control	5 a	–	–	5	0.0	–	–	0.0
F value		1.89^NS
First treatment	1%	6.5 a	6 ab	16.5 a	29	0.0	0.25	0.0	0.25
	2%	11.25 a	10.75 a	25.25 a	47.25	0.0	1.0	0.0	1.0
	5%	9.75 a	11 a	19.25 a	40	0.0	0.25	0.0	0.25
	10%	10.5 a	8.5 ab	24.25 a	43.25	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.5
	Control	3.5 a	3.75 b	12.75 a	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
F value		2.95^NS	3.19*	0.80^NS
Second treatment	1%	7.75 b	8.25 a	21 a	37	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.5
	2%	15 ab	14.25 a	24.75 a	54	0.75	0.0	0.0	0.75
	5%	17.25 a	14.5 a	27.5 a	59.25	0.50	0.0	0.0	0.50
	10%	15 ab	14 a	24.25 a	53.25	0.25	0.25	0.0	0.50
	Control	14.5 ab	14.25 a	21 a	49.75	0.25	0.0	0.0	0.25
F value		1.61^NS	1.62^NS	0.30^NS
Third treatment	1%	7 b	9.25 b	10.25 a	26.5	0.25	0.0	0.0	0.0
	2%	13.25 ab	10.25 b	21.25 a	44.75	0.25	0.0	0.1	0.35
	5%	11.5 ab	12 b	23.75 a	47.25	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.5
	10%	11.75 ab	11 b	24.5 a	47.25	0.25	0.25	0.5	1.0
	Control	16.5 a	17 a	23.5 a	57	0.0	0.0	0.75	0.75
F value		3.10*	3.77*	1.39^NS
Fourth treatment	1%	7.5 b	9.5 b	7.25 b	24.25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	2%	8.25 b	9.75 b	11.75 b	29.75	0.25	0.0	0.0	0.25
	5%	15.25 a	9.25 b	11.25 b	35.75	0.0	0.25	0.0	0.25
	10%	10.5 ab	9.75 b	11 b	31.25	0.0	0.25	0.0	0.25
	Control	15.5 a	17.25 a	19.5 a	52.25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
F value		5.25**	11.86**	5.39*

F value was determined with df (4, 15)
NS non-significant means in a column with dissimilar letters differ significantly at 0.05 level of probability