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Table 1 Mean mortality (%±SE) of second and fourth larval instars of Spodoptera litura from three different field populations treated with nucleopolyhedrosis virus and emamectin benzoate (NPV-1 2 × 109 POBs ml−1, NPV-2 3 × 109 POBs ml−1, NPV-3 3 × 109 POBs ml−1, EM 0.1 ppm)

From: Evaluation of Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) and Emamectin Benzoate against Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Treatments

Second instar

Fourth instar

FSD

LY

ML

FSD

LY

ML

NPV-1

22.27 ± 1.13e

15.76 ± 0.87e

13.38 ± 0.92ef

17.46 ± 1.09f

12.80 ± 0.86f

8.99 ± 0.55f

NPV-2

35.66 ± 1.55d

27.35 ± 1.11d

20.31 ± 1.14e

28.21 ± 1.61ef

23.38 ± 1.24ef

16.45 ± 1.03e

NPV-3

44.92 ± 1.73cd

38.25 ± 1.38c

31.79 ± 1.50de

39.79 ± 1.59de

32.43 ± 1.43de

25.50 ± 1.20d

EM

49.52 ± 1.67c

42.64 ± 1.57c

37.09 ± 1.39d

44.42 ± 1.70d

38.62 ± 1.54d

30.74 ± 1.37d

NPV-1 + EM

68.83 ± 2.12b

63.43 ± 1.83bc

56.13 ± 2.10c

62.27 ± 2.67c

57.51 ± 2.29c

50.31 ± 2.06c

NPV-2 + EM

89.84 ± 2.70ab

81.42 ± 2.61b

73.28 ± 2.74b

80.72 ± 3.80b

73.49 ± 2.84b

66.82 ± 2.24b

NPV-3 + EM

100.00 ± 0.00a

96.13 ± 2.62a

87.93 ± 2.82a

96.19 ± 3.20a

88.41 ± 3.20a

83.28 ± 2.95a

  1. Mean sharing the same letters within each column are not significantly different at 1.0% level