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Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 1 Efficacy of using fermented maize wastes as grain dressing against maize diseases under field conditions

From: Using maize wastes, fermented by co-cultures of Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens, as grain dressing against m maize diseases under field conditions

Treatments

 

Surveyed diseases (%)(c)

Root rot and damping- off(b)

Stalk rot

Gray leaf spot

Late wilt

Ear rot

Cu- chitosan NPs

6 Ps + 4Tr(a)

1.7 ± 0.3(d) d

3.0 ± 0.3 e

9.2 ± 0.4 d

7.6 ± 0.3 f

6.9 ± 0.3 g

7 Ps + 3 Tr

1.4 ± 0.2 d

3.0 ± 0.2e

8.4 ± 0.2 e

7.6 ± 0.2 f

8.5 ± 0.7 h

8 Ps + 2 Tr

1.2 ± 0.2d

2.3 ± 0.1f

6.9 ± 0.3 f

6.9 ± 0.3 g

7.6 ± 0.2 i

Mean

1.4

2.7

8.1

7.3

8.5

Free of

6 Ps + 4 Tr

2.2 ± 0.4 c

4.6 ± 0.2 d

10.7 ± 1.0 c

11.5 ± 0.7 d

12.0 ± 0.4 d

NPs

7 Ps + 3 Tr

2.1 ± 0.3 c

4.6 ± 0.2 d

10.0 ± 0.8 c

10.7 ± 0.4 d

11.3 ± 0.6 e

8 Ps + 2 Tr

1.8 ± 0.4 d

3.8 ± 0.2 e

9.2 ± 0.4 d

9.2 ± 0.2 e

10.7 ± 0.9 f

Mean

2.0

4.3

9.9

10.4

11.3

Chitosan

2.4 ± 1.2 c

5.3 ± 0.2 c

11.5 ± 0.7 b

12.3 ± 0.1 c

13.8 ± 0.6 c

Rizolex-50 WP

3.2 ± 0.4 b

6.3 ± 0.1 b

12.8 ± 0.4 a

12.2 ± 0.4 b

14.6 ± 0.4 b

Control

8.5 ± 0.3 a

8.6 ± 0.5 a

12.8 ± 1.2 a

13.8 ± 0.2 a

15.3 ± 0.3 a

  1. (a)Ps Psedumonus fluorescence, Tr Trichoderma harzianum
  2. (b)Mean values of root-rot and damping-off diseases incidence calculated up to 30 days of sowing as follows: disease incidence no. of infected plants/no. of sown grains X 100
  3. (c)The percentage of each disease incidence was calculated as follows:
  4. disease incidence no. of infected plants/no. of total plants X 100
  5. (d)Means ± standard deviations within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different by Duncan multiple range test at P < 0.05
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