Table 4 Sublethal effects of LC30 values of five Bt strains/Cry proteins on certain biological aspects of Tribolium castaneum

Total eggs laid by T. castaneum

female during two weeks

418.66 ± 7.78^F

520.16 ± 8.97^E

581.5 ± 8.97^D

650.16 ± 4.07^C

693.33 ± 5.50^B

846.66 ± 7.08^A

Percent decrease in egg numbers

50.55

38.56

31.31

23.20

18.10

–

Total eggs hatching per female

during two weeks

329.50 ± 8.40^F

426.16 ± 5.98^E

481.16 ± 4.44^D

555.66 ± 4.32^C

622.50 ± 4.63^B

804.16 ± 8.10^A

Hatchability rate of eggs

78.70 %

81.92 %

82.74

85.46

89.78

94.98 %

Pre-oviposition period (day)

6.83 ± 0.75^A

6.12 ± 0.75^AB

5.60 ± 0.89BC

5.33 ± 1.03^BCD

4.16 ± 0.75^CD

4.66 ± 0.51^CD

Incubation period of eggs (day)

3.50 ± 0.54^C

4.50 ± 0.54^B

5.16 ± 0.98^AB

5.83 ± 0.98^A

6.00 ± 0.75^A

5.16 ± 0.75^AB

Larval stage duration (day)

21.16 ± 1.03^C

22.16 ± 2.99^BC

23.83 ± 1.04^AB

25.50 ± 1.04^A

25.83 ± 1.21^A

24.66 ± 0.81^A

Pupal stage duration (day)

3.83 ± 0.75^D

4.50 ± 0.83^BCD

5.33 ± 1.03^ABC

5.83 ± 0.75^AB

6.33 ± 0.51^A

4.83 ± 0.75^C

Total development period of

immature stages (day)

28.66

31.16

33.99

37.16

38.13

34.65