Table 4 Influence of Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and their mixtures on the plant length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight of beetroot infected with two/three pathogens simultaneously in a disease complex incited by Meloidogyne incognita, Pectobacterium betavasculorum, and Rhizoctonia solani

Control

C

51.26^d

97.64^d

131.51^d

7.91^d

10.66^d

M + P

28.23^k

50.47^l

68.32^no

4.19^no

5.68^o

M + R

26.53^kl

48.35^l

65.47^o

4.02^o

5.44^p

P + R

30.31^j

54.23^k

71.52^mn

4.42^mn

5.94ⁿ

M + P + R

22.63^m

38.57^m

55.63^p

3.21^p

4.62^q

B. subtilis

C

55.35^c

106.87^c

146.46^c

8.66^c

11.87^c

M + P

34.41^h

63.47^ij

79.31^jk

5.27^jk

6.59^l

M + R

32.35ⁱ

61.38^j

77.43^kl

5.11^k

6.42^lm

P + R

36.61^gh

67.64^h

82.23^ij

5.62ⁱ

6.83^k

M + P + R

25.36^l

54.52^k

69.62ⁿ

4.53^lm

5.78^no

P. putida

C

58.43^b

112.62^b

150.63^b

9.12^b

12.29^b

M + P

35.45^h

67.34^h

85.45^hi

5.59ⁱ

7.11^j

M + R

34.57^h

65.26^hi

83.63ⁱ

5.42^ij

6.95^jk

P + R

37.87^g

71.43^g

88.47^h

5.93^h

7.35ⁱ

M + P + R

27.22^kl

57.54^k

74.68^lm

4.78^l

6.21^m

B. subtilis + P. putida

C

64.53^a

123.62^a

163.43^a

10.15^a

14.22^a

M + P

44.33^ef

83.34^f

105.44^f

6.92f

8.76^f

M + R

43.24^f

81.53^f

102.62^f

6.77^f

8.52^g

P + R

46.03^e

87.65^e

119.51^e

7.28^e

9.32^e

M + P + R

34.52^h

74.55^g

93.89^g

6.19^g

7.81^h

LSD p = 0.05

Bioagents (B)

1.16

1.41

1.51

0.11

0.10

Pathogens (P)

1.30

1.58

1.69

0.13

0.12

B × P

2.61

3.16

3.39

0.26

0.24

4.14

3.41

2.80

3.37

2.40