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Table 3 Influence of Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and their mixtures on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of beetroot infected with Meloidogyne incognita, Pectobacterium betavasculorum, and Rhizoctonia solani

From: Potential of Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and their mixture on the management of Meloidogyne incognita, Pectobacterium betavasculorum, and Rhizoctonia solani disease complex of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)

Bioagents

Pathogens

Fv/Fm

ɸPSII

qP

NPQ

ETR

Control

C

0.661c

0.436de

0.534c

0.425d

163.43c

M

0.472hi

0.332ij

0.363hi

0.343ij

137.44hi

P

0.493 h

0.345hi

0.381h

0.35hi

141.31gh

R

0.462i

0.314j

0.354i

0.332j

134.32i

B. subtilis

C

0.691b

0.461c

0.573b

0.446bc

171.54b

M

0.554fg

0.364gh

0.445fg

0.362hi

148.24ef

P

0.571ef

0.372fg

0.463ef

0.384fg

151.34def

R

0.543g

0.354ghi

0.435g

0.352hi

146.45fg

P. putida

C

0.712b

0.483b

0.591b

0.453b

173.53b

M

0.561efg

0.375fg

0.462ef

0.371gh

150.42def

P

0.583e

0.392f

0.473e

0.385fg

153.35def

R

0.554fg

0.364gh

0.454fg

0.361hi

149.38ef

B. subtilis + P. putida

C

0.782a

0.534a

0.651a

0.472a

187.26a

M

0.634cd

0.425de

0.514cd

0.416de

157.45cd

P

0.642c

0.443cd

0.536c

0.431cd

162.35c

R

0.616d

0.416e

0.504d

0.403ef

154.26de

LSD p = 0.05

Bioagents (B)

0.011

0.010

0.011

0.009

3.26

Pathogens (P)

0.011

0.010

0.011

0.009

3.26

B × P

0.023

0.021

0.022

0.018

6.52

CV

3.01

4.16

3.57

3.72

3.25

  1. Data are presented as treatments mean (n = 5). The mean values within a column followed by the different letter are significantly different at p = 0.05 by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT)
  2. CV coefficient of variation, Fv/Fm maximal PSII efficiency, ɸPSII photochemical efficiency of PSII, qP photochemical quenching, NPQ non-photochemical quenching, ETR electron transport rate, C control, M M. incognita, P P. betavasculorum, and R R. solani