Potential of Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and their mixture on the management of Meloidogyne incognita, Pectobacterium betavasculorum, and Rhizoctonia solani disease complex of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Table 2 Influence of Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and their mixtures on the chlorophyll content, and the activities SOD, CAT, PPO, and PAL of beetroot infected with Meloidogyne incognita, Pectobacterium betavasculorum, and Rhizoctonia solani

Bioagents	Pathogens	Chlorophyll (SPAD values)	SOD activity (U mg⁻¹ FW)	CAT activity (U mg⁻¹ FW)	PPO activity (U mg⁻¹ FW)	PAL activity (U mg⁻¹ FW)
Control	C	53.3^d	5.18ⁱ	6.63^h	26.34^m	52.37^m
	M	33.4^kl	7.32^h	8.16^g	42.23^k	64.23^k
	P	35.2^k	7.06^h	7.92^g	44.34^j	66.46^j
	R	32.5^l	7.45^h	8.35^g	39.35^l	62.35^l
B. subtilis	C	58.3^c	10.13^g	9.31^f	49.53ⁱ	70.37ⁱ
	M	41.2^ij	12.34^de	14.53^c	60.24^f	83.58^g
	P	43.5^gh	12.15^de	14.31^c	62.33^e	85.34^f
	R	40.1^j	12.57^de	14.73^c	58.43^g	81.44^h
P. putida	C	60.2^b	11.21^e	10.43^e	51.47^h	71.43ⁱ
	M	43.5^gh	12.45^de	14.62^c	62.27^e	86.31^f
	P	45.3^g	12.24^e	14.47^c	64.43^d	88.21^e
	R	42.1^hi	12.73^d	14.81^c	60.51^f	83.53^g
B. subtilis + P. putida	C	67.4^a	13.73^c	13.24^d	65.43^d	91.51^d
	M	50.5^ef	16.75^a	19.33^a	82.47^b	115.47^b
	P	52.3^de	16.13^b	18.71^b	85.64^a	118.41^a
	R	50.2^f	16.87^a	19.53^a	77.63^c	112.33^c
LSD p = 0.05	Bioagents (B)	0.96	0.21	0.22	0.82	0.69
	Pathogens (P)	0.96	0.21	0.22	0.82	0.69
	B × P	1.93	0.42	0.43	1.65	1.38
CV		3.06	2.89	2.97	2.24	1.31

Data are presented as treatments mean (n = 5). The mean values within a column followed by the different letter are significantly different at p = 0.05 by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT)
CV coefficient of variation, SOD superoxide dismutase, CAT catalase, PPO polyphenol oxidase, PAL phenylalanine ammonia lyase, C control, M M. incognita, P P. betavasculorum, and R R. solani