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Table 3 Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and some plant extracts on some biological aspects after treatment of 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus

From: Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) and four plant extracts on the mortality and development of Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Cullicidae)

Treatments (mg/l)

Larval duration

Pupation %

Malformed pupae %

Adult emergence %

Malformed adults %

Matricaria chamomilla

 10

9.15 ± 0.31a

61 ± 0.54b

12.4

28.1 ± 0.12b

10.0

 25

7.45 ± 0.07b

54 ± 0.43c

16.45

26.3 ± 0.07c

0.0

 35

6.32 ± 0.05c

31 ± 0.24d

20.2

22 ± 0.21d

0.0

 45

6.12 ± 0.16c

25 ± 0.22e

30.4

16.6 ± 0.05e

0.0

 50

1.24 ± 0.03e

13 ± 0.05f

0.0

14.1 ± 0.07f

0.0

 65

1.05 ± 0.02e

10 ± 0.08g

0.0

11 ± 0.04g

0.0

 Control

3.39 ± 0.15a

91 ± 0.32a

0.0

96 ± 0.34a

10.0

Seasamum indicum

 10

3.45 ± 0.13a

52 ± 0.41b

11.4

35 ± 0.14b

10

 25

3.47 ± 0.11a

41 ± 0.32c

23.5

33.1 ± 0.12c

3.7

 35

2.64 ± 0.16b

28 ± 0.18d

40.0

29.5 ± 0.21d

0.0

 45

2.35 ± 0.05b

22.7 ± 0.07f

0.0

25 ± 0.17e

0.0

 50

2.12 ± 0.02b

11.3 ± 0.03g

0.0

20.4 ± 0.13f

0.0

 65

1.33 ± 0.13c

9.2 ± 0.32a

0.0

17.5 ± 0.11g

0.0

 Control

3.42 ± 0.15a

92 ± 0.7a

0.0

94 ± 0.32a

 
  1. Means within column followed by letter are not significant different (P ≥ 0.05) Duncan’s multiple range test