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Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control
Fig. 1 | Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Fig. 1

From: Evaluation of the efficiency of Trichoderma, Penicillium, and Aspergillus species as biological control agents against four soil-borne fungi of melon and watermelon

Fig. 1

a Dual confrontation between two F. o. melonis FOM isolates and A. flavus, two F. o. niveum FON isolates and T. viride, and M. phaseolina MP3 and T. viride. b Mycelial interaction in vitro between F. o. melonis FOM (a, b, c, and d) and A. flavus, F. o. niveum FON (e, f, and g) and T. viride, and M. phaseolina MP3 (i and j) and T. viride after 5 days of incubation in PDA at 28 °C (Gr ×40) (one plate per treatment was illustrated). Three plates/treatment were taken for microscopic examination of F. o. melonis and F. o. niveum cultures, revealing lysis of fungal mycelia (a, f), mycelia cords (b), mycelium winding (c, e), and chlamydospore formation (d, g). Concerning M. phaseolina: i penetration sites of the antagonist and j lysis of the pathogen cells

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